| This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Afrikaans on Wikipedia.It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Afrikaans in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishing consensus on the talk page first. | |
Wikipedia key to pronunciation of Afrikaans
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Afrikaans pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.
See Afrikaans phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Afrikaans, as well as dialectal variations that are not represented here.
Consonants
|
IPA
|
Examples
|
English approximation
|
b
|
beet
|
beet
|
d
|
dak
|
duck
|
f
|
fiets, ver
|
far
|
ɦ
|
hoekom
|
behind
|
j
|
ja
|
yes
|
k
|
kat
|
skin
|
l
|
land
|
land
|
m
|
mens
|
man
|
n
|
nek
|
neck
|
ŋ
|
eng
|
long
|
p
|
pen, rib, lip
|
sport
|
r
|
ras
|
rolled r
|
s
|
sak, seep
|
sock
|
ʃ
|
sjabloon, chef
|
shall
|
t
|
tak, hond
|
stop
|
tʃ
|
Tsjeggië, tjek
|
chat
|
χ
|
generaal, weg
|
loch (Scottish English)
|
v
|
wang
|
van
|
ʒ
|
visueel
|
vision
|
Marginal consonants
|
ʔ
|
beïnvloed [bəˈʔənflut]
|
the catch in uh-oh!
|
dʒ
|
djihad
|
jump
|
ɡ
|
ghries,[1] berge, erger
|
goal
|
w
|
kwaad
|
water
|
z
|
Zoeloe
|
zoo
|
Stress
|
ˈ
|
vóórkom [ˈfuərkɔm] voorkóm [ˌfuərˈkɔm]
|
as in commandeer /ˌkɒmənˈdiər/
|
ˌ
|
|
Vowels
|
IPA
|
Examples
|
English approximation
|
Monophthongs (oral)
|
a
|
bad
|
British cat; somewhat like cut in other dialects.
|
ɑː
|
aap
|
father
|
æ
|
ek, bel, reg, blerrie
|
American and Australian back (short)
|
æː
|
perd, ver, wêreld, bêre
|
American and Australian mad (long)
|
ɛ
|
met
|
met
|
ɛː
|
nè, mens, hê
|
modern RP square
|
ə
|
vis, hemel, vanaand[2]
|
again
|
əː
|
wîe[3]
|
fur
|
i
|
polisie
|
deep (short)
|
iː
|
spieël, bier[4]
|
deep (long)
|
ɔ
|
bot
|
story (short)
|
ɔː
|
môre[5]
|
story (long)
|
œ
|
hut
|
roughly like book (short)
|
œː
|
rûe[5]
|
roughly like book (long)
|
u
|
hoed, polisie
|
cool (short)
|
uː
|
koeël, moer[4]
|
cool (long)
|
y
|
nuut
|
roughly like cute; French tu
|
yː
|
uur[4]
|
roughly like true; German über
|
Monophthongs (nasal)
|
ɑ̃ː
|
dans
|
no English equivalent, long nasalized [ɑ]; French sans
|
ɛ̃ː
|
mens
|
no English equivalent, long nasalized [ɛ]; French vin
|
ɔ̃ː
|
spons
|
no English equivalent, nasalized [ɔː]; French dupont
|
Diphthongs
|
ai
|
baie
|
price
|
ɑːi
|
braai
|
prize
|
ɛi
|
rys, reis
|
may
|
iə
|
eer, ere
|
ear
|
iø
|
seun
|
roughly like fear in some accents
|
iu
|
eeu
|
ew
|
oːi
|
nooi
|
boy
|
œi
|
ui
|
house (Scottish English)
|
əu
|
ou
|
boat
|
uə
|
so, boot
|
rural
|
|
- ^ /ɡ/ is not a native phoneme of Afrikaans; it occurs only in loanwords like gholf or as an allophone of /χ/ at the end of suffixed root nouns or adjectives when both preceded by a short vowel + R cluster and followed by a schwa.
- ^ In words which feature a short vowel preceding its longer form (like in vanaand, tamatie and bobotie), the short vowel is neutralised (Donaldson (1993:4, 6)).
- ^ /əː/ occurs in no other word (Donaldson (1993:7)).
- ^ a b c As phonemes, /iː/ and /uː/ occur only in spieël and koeël, respectively. In other cases, [iː] and [uː] occur as allophones of /i/ and /u/ before /r/. /y/ is also lengthened to [yː] before /r/ (Donaldson (1993:4–6)).
- ^ a b /œː/ and /ɔː/ occur only in a few words (Donaldson (1993:7).