 | This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Breton on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Breton in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishing consensus on the talk page first. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. |
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Breton language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.
See Breton dialects for a more thorough discussion of regional variation.
| Consonants | ||
|---|---|---|
| IPA | Examples | English approximation |
| b | bag | best |
| x | sac'h | roughly like loch in Scottish English |
| ɣ | troc'hañ | Spanish agua |
| d | don | doe |
| f | fri | face |
| ɡ | gad | got |
| h | had | hot |
| ʒ | jot | measure |
| k | kazh | scan |
| l | lann | lean |
| ʎ | kuilh | roughly like million |
| m | mab | mother |
| n | noz | need |
| ŋ | anken | camping |
| ɲ | kignez | roughly like canyon |
| p | per | spouse |
| r | roue | trilled r |
| ʁ | roughly like loch (Scottish English) but voiced, like gh in Scottish Gaelic | |
| s | skol | sack |
| ʃ | sachañ | shine |
| t | tal | sty |
| v | aval | view |
| z | azen | zeal |
| Semivowels | ||
| j | yod | yet |
| w | gwenn | wet |
| ɥ | kuit | like a simultaneous wet and yet |
| Vowels | ||
|---|---|---|
| monophthongs | ||
| IPA | Examples | English approximation |
| a | kas | trap |
| ɑː | tad | bra |
| e | boest | hey (short) |
| eː | per | hey (long) |
| ɛ | gell | best |
| ɛː | berr | fairy |
| i | pik | seat |
| iː | biz | see |
| o | pok | story (short) |
| oː | dor | story (long) |
| ɔ | korn | off |
| ɔː | torr | dog |
| y | butun | roughly like root (some dialects)[1]; French tu |
| yː | uvel | roughly like rude (some dialects)[1]; German über |
| ə | ebeul (regional) | about |
| ø | peulvan | roughly like bird (no r-colouring); French deux |
| øː | eur | roughly like herd (no r-colouring); German schön |
| œ | feurm | roughly like hurt (no r-colouring); French neuf |
| u | toull | pool (short) |
| uː | tour | pool (long) |
| Nasals | ||
| ã | amzer | roughly like on (American English), nasalized [ɒ] or [ɑ]. rendez-vous |
| ãː | anat | |
| ẽ | renk | |
| ẽː | enez | |
| ɛ̃ | peñs | roughly like man (RP); nasalized [æ] or [ɛ] |
| ɛ̃ː | eñvor | |
| ĩ | biñs | |
| ĩ | fiñval | like Hindi नहीं |
| ɔ̃ | tonn | roughly like bone (American English); nasalized [o] or [ɔ] |
| ɔ̃ː | ton | |
| ỹ | puñs | |
| ỹː | unan | |
| œ̃ | feunteun | |
| œ̃ː | deun | |
| Diphthongs | ||
| IPA | Examples | English approximation |
| ai | eye | |
| oi | boy | |
| ɔʊ | botoù | follow |
| ei | eil | ray |
| au | glav | house |
| ɔu | paour | follow |
| eu | bev | eh-oo or ey-oo |
| wɑ | koad | roughly like water |
| we | boued | roughly like way |
| ɥi | skuizh | roughly like we |
| iu | liv | ee-oo |
- ^ a b These dialects include Received Pronunciation and most forms of English English (with some exceptions such as Yorkshire English), Australian English, New Zealand English, White South African English, Scottish English, Ulster English, Southern American English, Midland American English, Philadelphia-Baltimore English, Western Pennsylvania English and California English. Other dialects of English, such as Northern American English, New York City English, New England English, African American Vernacular English, Welsh English and Republic of Ireland English, have no close equiavalent vowel.