Hemoglobin O

Hemoglobin O (HbO) is a rare type of hemoglobin in which there is a substitution of glutamic acid by lysine as in hemoglobin C, but at different positions. Since the amino acid substitution can occur at different positions of the β-globin chain of the protein, there are several variants. In hemoglobin O-Arab (HbO-Arab) substitution occurs at position 121,[1] while in hemoglobin O-Padova (HbO-Padova) it is at 11 position,[2] and in hemoglobin O Indonesia (HbOIna) it is at 116.[3]

HbO is usually harmless unlike other hemoglobin variants such as HbS and thalassemias, even under combination with these abnormal hemoglobins. Hemoglobin O-Padova is the most severe form and is associated with disease of the RBCs and spleen.

  1. ^ Dror, Sayar (2013). "Clinical and hematological features of homozygous hemoglobin O-Arab [beta 121 Glu → Lys]". Pediatric Blood & Cancer. 60 (3): 506–507. doi:10.1002/pbc.24414. PMID 23192960. S2CID 33284846.
  2. ^ Kilinç, Y.; Kumi, M.; Gurgey, A.; Altay, Ç.; Webber, B. B.; Wilson, J. B.; Kutlar, A.; Huisman, T. H. J. (1985). "Hemoglobin O-Padova or α2 30(B11)GLU→LYS β2 Observed in Members of a Turkish Family". Hemoglobin. 9 (6): 621–625. doi:10.3109/03630268508997044. PMID 2869010.
  3. ^ Daud, D.; Harahap, A.; Setianingsih, I.; Nainggolan, I.; Tranggana, S.; Pakasi, R.; Marzuki, S. (2001). "The Hemoglobin O mutation in Indonesia: distribution and phenotypic expression". Journal of Human Genetics. 46 (9): 499–505. doi:10.1007/s100380170030. PMID 11558897. S2CID 22570156.