Hemoglobin O-Arab

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Hemoglobin O-Arab (American English) or Haemoglobin O-Arab (British English) is a rare alternation of Hemoglobin (American English) or Haemoglobin (British English), characterised with the presence of β^121Glu → Lys (Hb O-Arab). Mutations of heterozygotes for Hb O-Arab have been reported in Saudi Arabia, North Africa, Sudan, the Mediterranean and the United States. Diagnosis of Hb O-Arab requires liquid chromatography on both cellulose acetate and citrate agar, due to co-migrating with Hb C at alkaline pH. When combined with Hemoglobin S (β^6Glu → Val) it causes a severe form of Sickle cell disease known as Hemoglobin S/O-Arab. Detection of Hb O-Arab can be carried out with a blood test, identifying the carries of hemoglobinopathies, so as to inform patients their chances of producing an affected child and ensure appropriate guidance is given.