Henry Addington

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The Right Honourable The Viscount Sidmouth PC
Portrait of Henry Addington by William Beechey, c. 1803
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
In office 17 March 1801 – 10 May 1804
Monarch	George III
Preceded by	William Pitt the Younger
Succeeded by	William Pitt the Younger
Ministerial offices Home Secretary In office 11 June 1812 – 17 January 1822 Prime Minister The Earl of Liverpool Preceded by Richard Ryder Succeeded by Robert Peel Lord President of the Council In office 8 April 1812 – 11 June 1812 Prime Minister Spencer Perceval The Earl of Liverpool Preceded by The Earl Camden Succeeded by The Earl of Harrowby In office 8 October 1806 – 26 March 1807 Prime Minister The Lord Grenville Preceded by The Earl Fitzwilliam Succeeded by The Earl Camden In office 14 January 1805 – 10 July 1805 Prime Minister William Pitt the Younger Preceded by The Duke of Portland Succeeded by The Earl Camden Lord Privy Seal In office 5 February 1806 – 15 October 1806 Prime Minister The Lord Grenville Preceded by The Earl of Westmorland Succeeded by The Lord Holland Chancellor of the Exchequer In office 14 March 1801 – 10 May 1804 Prime Minister Himself Preceded by William Pitt the Younger Succeeded by William Pitt the Younger Leader of the House of Commons In office 17 March 1801 – 10 May 1804 Prime Minister Himself Preceded by William Pitt the Younger Succeeded by William Pitt the Younger
Speaker of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom[a]
In office 1 January 1801 – 10 February 1801
Monarch	George III
Prime Minister	William Pitt
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	Sir John Mitford
Speaker of the House of Commons of Great Britain
In office 8 June 1789 – 31 January 1800
Monarch	George III
Prime Minister	William Pitt
Preceded by	William Grenville
Succeeded by	Office abolished
Member of Parliament for Devizes
In office 1784–1805
Preceded by	Henry Jones
Succeeded by	Thomas Grimston Estcourt
Personal details
Born	(1757-05-30)30 May 1757 Holborn, Middlesex, England
Died	15 February 1844(1844-02-15) (aged 86) White Lodge, Surrey, England
Resting place	St Mary the Virgin, Mortlake
Political party	Tory (Addingtonian)
Spouses	Ursula Hammond ​ ​ (m. 1781; died 1811)​ Marianne Townsend ​ (m. 1823)​
Children	8 (by Hammond)
Parent	Anthony Addington (father)
Relatives	John Hiley Addington (brother) Henry Unwin Addington (nephew)
Education	Cheam School Reading School Winchester College
Alma mater	Brasenose College, Oxford
Cabinet	§ Cabinet
Signature
^ Speaker of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from the Act of Union in January 1801.

Henry Addington, 1st Viscount Sidmouth, PC (30 May 1757 – 15 February 1844) was a British Tory statesman who served as prime minister of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1804 and as Speaker of the House of Commons from 1789 to 1801.

Addington is best known for obtaining the Treaty of Amiens in 1802, an unfavourable peace with Napoleonic France which marked the end of the Second Coalition during the French Revolutionary Wars. When that treaty broke down, Addington resumed the war without allies. He conducted relatively weak defensive hostilities, ahead of what would become the War of the Third Coalition. He was forced from office in favour of William Pitt the Younger, who had preceded Addington as prime minister. Addington is also known for his reactionary crackdown on advocates of democratic reforms during a ten-year spell as Home Secretary from 1812 to 1822. He is the longest continuously serving holder of that office since it was created in 1782.