Henry Pierrepont, 1st Marquess of Dorchester, PC, FRS, FRCP (March 1606 – 8 December 1680) was an English peer. He was the son of Robert Pierrepont, 1st Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull, and his wife, the former Gertrude Talbot, daughter of George Talbot and Elizabeth Reyner, and cousin of the Earl of Shrewsbury.