Hepatic lipase

LIPC
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesLIPC, HDLCQ12, HL, HTGL, LIPH, lipase C, hepatic type
External IDsOMIM: 151670; MGI: 96216; HomoloGene: 199; GeneCards: LIPC; OMA:LIPC - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_000236

NM_008280
NM_001324472
NM_001324473

RefSeq (protein)

NP_000227

NP_001311401
NP_001311402
NP_032306

Location (UCSC)Chr 15: 58.41 – 58.57 MbChr 9: 70.71 – 70.86 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Hepatic lipase (HL), also called hepatic triglyceride lipase (HTGL) or LIPC (for "lipase, hepatic"), is a form of lipase, catalyzing the hydrolysis of triacylglyceride. Hepatic lipase is coded by chromosome 15 and its gene is also often referred to as HTGL or LIPC.[5] Hepatic lipase is expressed mainly in liver cells, known as hepatocytes, and endothelial cells of the liver. The hepatic lipase can either remain attached to the liver or can unbind from the liver endothelial cells and is free to enter the body's circulation system.[6] When bound on the endothelial cells of the liver, it is often found bound to heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG), keeping HL inactive and unable to bind to HDL (high-density lipoprotein) or IDL (intermediate-density lipoprotein).[7] When it is free in the bloodstream, however, it is found associated with HDL to maintain it inactive. This is because the triacylglycerides in HDL serve as a substrate, but the lipoprotein contains proteins around the triacylglycerides that can prevent the triacylglycerides from being broken down by HL.[8]

One of the principal functions of hepatic lipase is to convert intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) to low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Hepatic lipase thus plays an important role in triglyceride level regulation in the blood by maintaining steady levels of IDL, HDL and LDL.[5]

Horse pancreatic lipase; believed to have a similar structure to Homo sapiens hepatic lipase as both show similar amino acid sequences.[9]
  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000166035Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000032207Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ a b Fox SI (2015). Human physiology (Fourteenth ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education. ISBN 978-0-07-783637-5. OCLC 895500922.
  6. ^ Cite error: The named reference pmid16397139 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference Chatterjee_2011 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ Cite error: The named reference Cedó_2017 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  9. ^ PDB: 1HPL 1HPL​; Bourne Y, Martinez C, Kerfelec B, Lombardo D, Chapus C, Cambillau C (May 1994). "Horse pancreatic lipase. The crystal structure refined at 2.3 A resolution". Journal of Molecular Biology. 238 (5): 709–32. doi:10.1006/jmbi.1994.1331. PMID 8182745.