| Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Micrograph showing tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (in a colorectal cancer), a finding associated with MSI-H tumours, as may be seen in Lynch syndrome. H&E stain. | |
| Specialty | Oncology  |
Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) is a hereditary predisposition to colon cancer.
HNPCC includes (and was once synonymous with)[1] Lynch syndrome, an autosomal dominant genetic condition that is associated with a high risk of colon cancer, endometrial cancer (second most common), ovary, stomach, small intestine, hepatobiliary tract, upper urinary tract, brain, and skin.[2] The increased risk for these cancers is due to inherited genetic mutations that impair DNA mismatch repair. It is a type of cancer syndrome.
Other HNPCC conditions include Lynch-like syndrome, polymerase proofreading-associated polyposis and familial colorectal cancer type X.[1]
- ^ a b Carethers, John M; Stoffel, Elena M (2015-08-21). "Lynch syndrome and Lynch syndrome mimics: The growing complex landscape of hereditary colon cancer". World Journal of Gastroenterology. 21 (31): 9253–9261. doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i31.9253. ISSN 1007-9327. PMC 4541378. PMID 26309352.
- ^ Kastrinos F, Mukherjee B, Tayob N, Wang F, Sparr J, Raymond VM, et al. (October 2009). "Risk of pancreatic cancer in families with Lynch syndrome". JAMA. 302 (16): 1790–5. doi:10.1001/jama.2009.1529. PMC 4091624. PMID 19861671.