West Coast of the Strait | Period | Major cross-strait events | East Coast of the Strait |
---|---|---|---|
Song dynasty | 1171 | Han Chinese fishermen settle on Penghu and soldiers are stationed | Taiwan prehistory |
1225 | Penghu is attached to Quanzhou | ||
Yuan dynasty | 1281 | Establishment of Penghu Inspection Division | |
1349 | A Brief History of the Island of Yi by Wang Dayuan | ||
Ming dynasty | 1603 | Dongfanji by Chen Di | |
1624 | Battle of Penghu | Under Dutch and Spanish rule | |
1633 | Battle of Liaoluo Bay | ||
Southern Ming | 1661 | Siege of Fort Zeelandia | Kingdom of Tungning |
Qing dynasty | 1667 | Ding Wei floating man incident | |
1683 | Penghu Sea Battle | ||
1684 | Establishment of Taiwan Prefecture | Qing dynasty | |
1731 | Ta-Chia-hsi revolt | ||
1840 | First Opium War | ||
1885 | Transformation into a province | ||
1895 | Treaty of Shimonoseki | Japan | |
1900 | Xiamen Events | ||
Republic of China | 1911 | 1911 Revolution | |
1943 | 1943 Cairo Declaration | ||
1945 | Surrender of Japan Takeover of Taiwan and Penghu |
||
1947 | February 28 incident | ||
People's Republic of China | 1949 | Relocation of the National Government | Republic of China (Taiwan) |
1978 | Chinese economic reform | ||
1979 | Second Taiwan Strait Crisis | ||
1987 | Open cross-strait family visits | ||
1993 | Wang–Koo summit | ||
1996 | Third Taiwan Strait Crisis | ||
2001 | Cross-strait implementation of the Little Three Way | ||
2010 | Cross-strait signing of ECFA | ||
2014 | Disputes over the Trade and Services Census The Sunflower Movement | ||
2015 | Ma–Xi meeting | ||
2022 | 2022 Chinese military exercises around Taiwan | ||
Present | Political status of Taiwan |
The history of Cross-Strait relations introduces the historical changes in the relationship between China and Taiwan since the beginning of time. Suspected records of Taiwan in the history of China date back to the earliest times, when Yizhou (island) was mentioned in the "Three Kingdoms", or Liuqiu in the "Book of Sui".[1] During the Song dynasty and Yuan dynasties, there was trade between the two sides of the Strait, and in 1281, Kublai Khan established the Penghu Inspection Division, which began to exercise administrative jurisdiction over Penghu. In 1349, Wang Dayuan documented in Island Yi Zhi Lu that Penghu belonged to Jinjiang County, Quanzhou, and that Liuqiu was one of the overseas countries.[2] The "Dongfan Ji", written by Chen Di in the Ming Dynasty, depicts the customs of the aborigines in southwest Taiwan.[3] Since the 1620s, cross-strait relations have been influenced by the Dutch, the Spanish, the Han Chinese, the Manchus, and the Japanese, and mainland China and Taiwan have either unified or separated, with ups and downs.[4]
In 1945, World War II ended and the Republic of China took over Taiwan. Cross-strait relations developed in a tortuous manner in response to changes in the domestic and international situation. In the second Chinese Communist Revolution, the Nationalist Army led by the Kuomintang was defeated by the Liberation Army led by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). In 1949, the People's Republic of China was established and gradually took control of the entire Chinese mainland. The Republic of China, on the other hand, retreated to Taiwan, Penghu, Jinma, and other islands. The CCP tried to liberate Taiwan, and the Kuomintang prepared to counter-attack the mainland. A military confrontation between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait began and many armed clashes took place.
After the People's Republic of China replaced the Republic of China (ROC) as a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council in 1971, the foreign relations of Taiwan were limited. On January 1, 1979, the People's Republic of China established diplomatic relations with the United States and, at the same time, announced the end of the shelling of Kinmen and proposed a policy of peaceful reunification and one country, two systems.[5] In 1987, after the Republic of China lifted the curfew and opened up cross-strait family visits, cross-strait relations became smoother. But in 1995, when President Lee Teng-hui visited the United States, cross-strait relations became tense again. After entering the 21st century, the economic relations between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait became quite close, and, in 2018, when the KMT returned to power in Taiwan, cross-strait relations eased.[6] The meeting of the top leaders across the Taiwan Strait in Singapore in 2015 was seen as a major breakthrough in the history of cross-strait relations. And since the return of the Democratic Progressive Party to power in 2016, cross-strait relations have become tense again.[7]
Penghu, the land belongs to Quanzhou Jinjiang County. To the Yuan period to establish the inspection division. Ryukyu, its standoff mountain is very high, from the Peng Lake look very close. Overseas countries from the beginning.– via