Horn of Africa

"Geeska Afrika" redirects here. For the Somali-language newspaper, see Geeska Afrika (newspaper).

Horn of Africa
Countries
4 sovereign states[1]
2 unrecognised states
Population140,683,144 (2020 est.)
Area1,882,757 km2

The Horn of Africa (HoA), also known as the Somali Peninsula,[2][3][4] is a large peninsula and geopolitical region in East Africa.[5] Located on the easternmost part of the African mainland, it is the fourth largest peninsula in the world. It is composed of Somalia (including the de facto independent Somaliland and Puntland), Djibouti, Ethiopia, and Eritrea.[6][7] Although not common, broader definitions include parts or all of Kenya and Sudan.[8][9][10] It has been described as a region of geopolitical and strategic importance, since it is situated along the southern boundary of the Red Sea; extending hundreds of kilometres into the Gulf of Aden, Guardafui Channel, and Indian Ocean, it also shares a maritime border with the Arabian Peninsula.[11][12][13][14]

  1. ^ Encyclopædia Britannica, inc, Jacob E. Safra, The New Encyclopædia Britannica, (Encyclopædia Britannica: 2002), p.61: "The northern mountainous area, known as the Horn of Africa, comprises Djibouti, Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Somalia."
  2. ^ Christy A. Donaldson (2014). Encyclopedia of World Geography – Horn of Africa. Infobase Publishing. pp. 422–424. ISBN 978-0-8160-7229-3. This area is also known as the Somali Peninsula, because within it lies the countries of Somalia and eastern Ethiopia.
  3. ^ "Rethinking Pastoralism and African Development: a case study of the Horn of Africa" (PDF). October 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 March 2022. Retrieved 13 December 2021. The Horn of Africa (or, Somali Peninsula) is a peninsula of Eastern Africa.
  4. ^ Brock Millman (2013). British Somaliland An Administrative History, 1920–1960. Routledge. p. 8. ISBN 978-1-317-97544-1.
  5. ^ Robert Stock, Africa South of the Sahara, Second Edition: A Geographical Interpretation, (The Guilford Press; 2004), p. 26
  6. ^ "The Horn of Africa - Its Strategic Importance for Europe, the Gulf States, and Beyond". CIRSD. Retrieved 22 January 2024.
  7. ^ "Between Somaliland and Puntland – Rift Valley Institute". riftvalley.net. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  8. ^ John I. Saeed, Somali – Volume 10 of London Oriental and African language library, (J. Benjamins: 1999), p. 250.
  9. ^ Sandra Fullerton Joireman, Institutional Change in the Horn of Africa, (Universal-Publishers: 1997), p.1: "The Horn of Africa encompasses the countries of Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, and Somalia. These countries share similar peoples, languages, and geographical endowments."
  10. ^ "Horn of Africa". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Chicago, Illinois: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Archived from the original on 19 December 2021. Retrieved 4 April 2022.
  11. ^ "Three important oil trade chokepoints are located around the Arabian Peninsula - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)". www.eia.gov. Archived from the original on 2 April 2024. Retrieved 22 January 2024.
  12. ^ "Red Sea chokepoints are critical for international oil and natural gas flows - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)". www.eia.gov. Archived from the original on 5 April 2024. Retrieved 22 January 2024.
  13. ^ "Horn of Africa | Countries, Map, & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Archived from the original on 19 December 2021. Retrieved 19 December 2021.
  14. ^ "the Chairman of DPFZA and CEO of Red Sea Bunkering signed an investment with Afreximbank | DPFZA". dpfza.gov.dj. Archived from the original on 2 April 2024. Retrieved 22 January 2024.