Human Genome Diversity Project

The Human Genome Diversity Project (HGDP) was started by Stanford University's Morrison Institute in 1990s along with collaboration of scientists around the world.[1] It is the result of many years of work by Luigi Cavalli-Sforza, one of the most cited scientists in the world, who has published extensively in the use of genetics to understand human migration and evolution. The HGDP data sets have often been cited in papers on such topics as population genetics, anthropology, and heritable disease research.[2][3]

The project has noted the need to record the genetic profiles of indigenous populations, as isolated populations are the best way to understand the genetic frequencies that have clues into our distant past. Knowing about the relationship between such populations makes it possible to infer the journey of humankind from the humans who left Africa and populated the world to the humans of today. The HGDP-CEPH Human Genome Diversity Cell Line Panel is a resource of 1,063 cultured lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) from 1,050 individuals in 52 world populations, banked at the Fondation Jean Dausset-CEPH in Paris.

The HGDP is not related to the Human Genome Project (HGP) and has attempted to maintain a distinct identity.[4] The whole genome sequencing and analysis of the HGDP was published in 2020, creating a comprehensive resource of genetic variation from underrepresented human populations and illuminating patterns of genetic variation, demographic history and introgression of modern humans with Neanderthals and Denisovans.[5][6]

  1. ^ "Proposed Human Genome Diversity Project Still Plagued By Controversy And Questions". The Scientist Magazine®. Retrieved 11 September 2019.
  2. ^ Cann, HM; De Toma, C; Cazes, L; Legrand, MF; Morel, V; Piouffre, L; Bodmer, J; Bodmer, WF; et al. (2002). "A human genome diversity cell line panel". Science. 296 (5566): 261–2. doi:10.1126/science.296.5566.261b. PMID 11954565. S2CID 41595131.
  3. ^ Li, J. Z.; Absher, D. M.; Tang, H.; Southwick, A. M.; Casto, A. M.; Ramachandran, S.; Cann, H. M.; Barsh, G. S.; et al. (2008). "Worldwide Human Relationships Inferred from Genome-Wide Patterns of Variation". Science. 319 (5866): 1100–4. Bibcode:2008Sci...319.1100L. doi:10.1126/science.1153717. PMID 18292342. S2CID 53541133.
  4. ^ "HGDP FAQ". www.verslo.is. Retrieved 7 October 2017.
  5. ^ Bergström, Anders; McCarthy, Shane A.; Hui, Ruoyun; Almarri, Mohamed A.; Ayub, Qasim; Danecek, Petr; Chen, Yuan; Felkel, Sabine; Hallast, Pille; Kamm, Jack; Blanché, Hélène (20 March 2020). "Insights into human genetic variation and population history from 929 diverse genomes". Science. 367 (6484): eaay5012. doi:10.1126/science.aay5012. ISSN 0036-8075. PMC 7115999. PMID 32193295.
  6. ^ Almarri, Mohamed A.; Bergström, Anders; Prado-Martinez, Javier; Yang, Fengtang; Fu, Beiyuan; Dunham, Alistair S.; Chen, Yuan; Hurles, Matthew E.; Tyler-Smith, Chris; Xue, Yali (9 July 2020). "Population Structure, Stratification, and Introgression of Human Structural Variation". Cell. 182 (1): 189–199.e15. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.024. ISSN 0092-8674. PMC 7369638. PMID 32531199.