Human polyomavirus 2, commonly referred to as the JC virus or John Cunningham virus, is a type of human polyomavirus (formerly known as papovavirus).[3] It was identified by electron microscopy in 1965 by ZuRhein and Chou,[4] and by Silverman and Rubinstein.[citation needed] It was later isolated in culture and named using the initials of a patient by the name of John Cunningham from whom it was isolated and had developed progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML).[5] The virus causes leukoencephalopathy and other diseases only in cases of immunodeficiency, as in AIDS or during treatment with immunosuppressive drugs (e.g. in organ transplant patients).[6]
^Calvignac-Spencer, Sébastien; et al. (22 October 2015). "Revision on the family Polyomaviridae(76 species, four genera)"(PDF). International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). Retrieved 26 April 2019. To rename the following taxon (or taxa): Current name Proposed name JC polyomavirus Human polyomavirus 2
^ICTV 7th Report van Regenmortel, M.H.V., Fauquet, C.M., Bishop, D.H.L., Carstens, E.B., Estes, M.K., Lemon, S.M., Maniloff, J., Mayo, M.A., McGeoch, D.J., Pringle, C.R. and Wickner, R.B. (2000). Virus taxonomy. Seventh report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Academic Press, San Diego. p245 https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/ICTV%207th%20Report.pdf
^Rotondo JC, Candian T, Selvatici R, Mazzoni E (2017). "Tracing Males From Different Continents by Genotyping JC Polyomavirus in DNA From Semen Samples". J Cell Physiol. 232 (5): 982–985. doi:10.1002/jcp.25686. PMID27859215. S2CID25331955.
^Padgett BL, Walker DL; et al. (1971). "Cultivation of papova-like virus from human brain with progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy". Lancet. 1 (7712): 1257–60. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(71)91777-6. PMID4104715.