Husainid dynasty

For other uses, see Husaynids.
Husainid dynasty
CountryBeylik of Tunis
Kingdom of Tunisia
Founded15 July 1705
FounderHussein I
Current headMuhammad XI Habib
Final rulerMuhammad VIII al-Amin
TitlesBey, King of Tunisia
Deposition25 July 1957

The Husainid dynasty or Husaynid dynasty (Arabic: الحسينيون) was a ruling Turkish dynasty of the Beylik of Tunis. The dynasty was of Greek origin from the island of Crete.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] It came to power under al-Husayn I ibn Ali in 1705, succeeding the Muradid dynasty. After taking power, the Husainids ruled as Beys and ruled Tunisia until 1957.[4]

The Husainids originally ruled under the suzerainty of the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman sultans officially regarded them as beylerbeyis (provincial governors) and recognized their rights to hereditary succession.[1] Their succession to the throne was in theory determined by male primogeniture,[1][8] but this was not always followed and, especially in later periods, the throne was often granted to an older male family member along the collateral branches of the family.[1] The heir apparent to the Bey held the title Bey al-Mahalla and led the mahalla, a biannual tax collection expedition around the country.[9]

  1. ^ a b c d Bosworth, Clifford Edmund (1996). "The Husaynid Beys". The New Islamic Dynasties: A Chronological and Genealogical Manual. Edinburgh University Press. pp. 55–56. ISBN 9780748696482.
  2. ^ Prokhorov, Aleksandr Mikhaĭlovich (1973). Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Macmillan. p. 531. The Husaynid dynasty was founded by al-Husayn ibn Ali, a Turkish officer of Greek origin.
  3. ^ Clancy-Smith, Julia Ann (2011). Mediterraneans: North Africa and Europe in an Age of Migration, C. 1800-1900. University of California Press. p. 699. ISBN 978-0-520-25923-2. In his speeches, Bourgouiba frequently claimed that the Husaynids...were not really Tunisians, often referring to them as Greeks.
  4. ^ a b Choueiri, Youssef (2013-10-08). Modern Arab Historiography: Historical Discourse and the Nation-State. Routledge. p. 74. ISBN 978-1-136-86869-6. The dynasty of the Husaynids, founded by Husayn Ibn 'All, an Ottoman agha of Greek origin, ruled Tunisia until 1957 when, after independence, it was abolished and a republic was announced.
  5. ^ Tucker, Judith E. (2019). The Making of the Modern Mediterranean: Views from the South. University of California Press. pp. 40–41. ISBN 978-0-520-97320-6. Founded by the son of a Muslim from Venetian-ruled and subsequently Ottoman-controlled Crete, the Husaynid dynasty (1705-1957) mirrored the larger play of trans-Mediterranean politics for two and a half centuries.
  6. ^ Brown, L. Carl (2015). The Tunisia of Ahmad Bey, 1837-1855. Princeton University Press. pp. 29–30. ISBN 978-1-4008-4784-6.
  7. ^ Abun-Nasr, Jamil M. (1987). A History of the Maghrib in the Islamic Period. Cambridge University Press. p. 173. ISBN 978-0-521-33767-0.
  8. ^ Mantran, R. (1960–2007). "Ḥusaynids". In Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Brill. ISBN 9789004161214.
  9. ^ Brown, Leon Carl (2015). The Tunisia of Ahmad Bey, 1837-1855. Princeton University Press. pp. 72, 128. ISBN 978-1-4008-4784-6.