Hyaenodon

Hyaenodon
Temporal range: 42.0–16.9 Ma Middle Eocene to Early Miocene
Mounted H. sp. skeleton, Science Museum of Minnesota
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: †Hyaenodonta
Superfamily: †Hyaenodontoidea
Family: †Hyaenodontidae
Subfamily: †Hyaenodontinae
Tribe: †Hyaenodontini
Leidy, 1869[1]
Genus: †Hyaenodon
Laizer & Parieu, 1838
Type species
†Hyaenodon leptorhynchus
Laizer and Parieu, 1838
Species
[see classification]
Synonyms[2]
synonyms of genus:
  • Macropterodon (Lavrov, 1999)[3]
  • Megalopterodon (Dashzeveg, 1964)
  • Microhyaenodon (Lavrov, 1999)[3]
  • Neohyaenodon (Thorpe, 1922)
  • Protohyaenodon (Stock, 1933)
  • Pseudopterodon (Schlosser, 1887)
  • Taxotherium (Blainville, 1841)
synonyms of species:
  • H. brachyrhynchus:
    • Canis brachyrhynchus (Blainville, 1841)
    • Hyaenodon cuvieri (Pictet, 1853)[4]
    • Hyaenodon leptorhynchus (Dujardin, 1840)[5]
    • Hyaenodon parisiensis (Laurillard, 1845)[6]
    • Hyaenodon vulpinus (Gervais, 1873)
    • Nasua parisiensis (Blainville, 1841)
    • Pterodon brachyrhynchus (Pomel, 1846)[7]
    • Pterodon cuvieri (Pomel, 1846)
    • Taxotherium parisiense (Blainville, 1841)
  • H. brevirostrus:
    • Hyaenodon brevirostris (Joeckel, 1997)[8]
    • Protohyaenodon brevirostrus (Mellett, 1977)
  • H. chunkhtensis:
    • Microhyaenodon chunkhtensis (Lavrov, 1999)
  • H. crucians:
    • Hyaenodon leptocephalus (Scott, 1888)[9]
    • Hyaenodon minutus (Douglass, 1902)
    • Hyaenodon paucidens (Osborn & Wortman, 1894)[10]
    • Protohyaenodon crucians (Mellett, 1977)
    • Prtohyaenodon crucians (Lavrov, 1999)
    • Pseudopterodon minutus (Douglass, 1902)
  • H. dubius:
    • Hyaenodon aymardi (Filhol, 1882)[11]
  • H. exiguus:
    • Hyaenodon exigus (Lavrov, 1999)
    • Pterodon exiguum (Gervais, 1873)
  • H. filholi:
    • Hyaenodon compressus (Filhol, 1876)
    • Hyaenodon vulpinus (Filhol, 1876)
    • Microhyaenodon filholi (Lavrov, 1999)
    • Pseudopterodon ganodus (Schlosser, 1887)
  • H. gervaisi:
    • Hyaenodon ambiguus (Martin, 1906)
  • H. gigas:
    • Macropterodon zelenovi (Lavrov, 1999)
    • Neohyaenodon gigas (Lavrov, 1999)
  • H. heberti:
    • Hyaenodon arnaudi (Depéret, 1917)[12]
  • H. horridus:
    • Hyaenodon cruentus (Leidy, 1853)
    • Neohyaenodon horridus (Thorpe, 1922)
    • Neohyaenodon semseyi (Kretzoi, 1941)[13]
  • H. incertus:
    • Neohyaenodon incertus (Lavrov, 1999)
    • Pterodon exploratus (Dashzeveg, 1985)
  • H. leptorhynchus:
    • Canis leptorhynchus (Blainville, 1841)
    • Hyaenodon bavaricus (Dehm, 1935)[14]
    • Hyaenodon cayluxi (Filhol, 1876)
    • Hyaenodon martini (Depéret, 1917)
    • Hyaenodon milloquensis (Martin, 1906)
    • Pterodon leptorhynchus (Pomel, 1846)
  • H. macrocephalus:
    • Neohyaenodon macrocephalus (Lavrov, 1999)
  • H. megaloides:
    • Neohyaenodon megaloides (Mellett, 1977)
  • H. microdon:
    • Microhyaenodon microdon (Lavrov, 1999)
    • Protohyaenodon microdon (Mellett, 1977)
  • H. milvinus:
    • Neohyaenodon milvinus (Lavrov, 1999)
  • H. minor:
    • Hyaenodon aimi (Cooper, 1926)[15]
  • H. mongoliensis:
    • Epipterodon mongoliensis (Lavrov, 1999)
    • Megalopterodon mongoliensis (Dashzeveg, 1964)
    • Neohyaenodon mongoliensis (Morlo & Nagel, 2006)[16]
    • Pterodon mongoliensis (Van Valen, 1967)[17]
  • H. montanus:
    • Protohyaenodon montanus
    • Neohyaenodon montanus (Mellett, 1977)
  • H. mustelinus:
    • Protohyaenodon mustelinus (Scott, 1894)
  • H. pervagus:
    • Hyaenodon neimongoliensis (Huang & Zhu, 2002)[18]
  • H. pumilus:
    • Microhyaenodon pumilus (Lavrov, 1999)
  • H. raineyi:
    • Microhyaenodon raineyi (Lavrov, 1999)
    • Protohyaenodon raineyi (Gustafson, 1986)
  • H. requieni:
    • Hyaenodon heberti euzetensis (Depéret, 1917)
    • Pterodon requieni (Gervais, 1846)
  • H. venturae:
    • Hyaenodon exiguus (Stock, 1933)
    • Microhyaenodon venturae (Lavrov, 1999)
    • Protohyaenodon exiguus (Stock, 1933)
    • Protohyaenodon venturae (Mellett, 1977)
  • H. vetus:
    • Neohyaenodon vetus (Mellett, 1977)
    • Pterodon californicus (Stock, 1933)
  • H. yuanchuensis:
    • Hyaenodon yuanchüensis (Young, 1937)

Hyaenodon ("hyena-tooth") is an extinct genus of carnivorous placental mammals from extinct tribe Hyaenodontini within extinct subfamily Hyaenodontinae (in extinct family Hyaenodontidae),[19] that lived in Eurasia and North America from the middle Eocene, throughout the Oligocene, to the early Miocene.

  1. ^ Leidy J. (1869). "On the extinct Mammalia of Dakota and Nebraska: including an account of some allied forms from other localities, together with a synopsis of the mammalian remains of North America." Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia 7: 1–472.
  2. ^ J. Alroy (2002). "Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals."
  3. ^ a b A. V. Lavrov (1999). "Adaptive Radiation of Hyaenodontinae (Creodonta, Hyaenodontidae) of Asia." in 6th Congress of the Theriological Society, Moscow, April 13–16, p. 138 [in Russian].
  4. ^ F. J. Pictet (1853). "Traité de Paléontologie." I (2e edit.):584 p. + atlas 110 pl.
  5. ^ F. Dujardin (1840). "Note sur une tête fossile Hyaenodon trouvée au bord du Tarn, près de Rabastens." Comptes-Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences de Paris, 10:134-135
  6. ^ Ch. Laurillard (1845). "Hyaenodon." in: d'Orbigny: "Dictionnaire Universel d'Histoire naturelle 1-6": 767-769, Renard, Martinet édit., Paris
  7. ^ A. Pomel (1846). "Note sur le Pterodon, genre voisin des Dasyures dont plusieurs espèces ont été trouvées dans les terrains tertiaires." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France, 4(2):385-393
  8. ^ R. M. Joeckel, H. W. Bond and G. W. Kabalka (1997). "Internal Anatomy of the Snout and Paranasal Sinuses of Hyaenodon (Mammalia, Creodonta)" Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 440-446
  9. ^ W. B. Scott (1888). "On some new and little know creodonts." Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 9:155-185
  10. ^ H. F. Osborn and J. L. Wortman (1894). "Fossil mammals of the Lower Miocene White River beds. Collection of 1892." Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 6(7):199-228
  11. ^ H. Filhol (1882). "Étude des Mammifères de Ronzon (Haute-Loire)." Ann. Sci. géol., Paris, 12(3):270 p., 25 pl.
  12. ^ Depéret C. (1917). "Monographie de la faune de mammiféres fossiles du Ludien inférieur d'Euget-les-Bains (Gard)." Ann. Univ. Lyon (N. S.), Div. 1, 40, 1-288.
  13. ^ Kretzoi, M. (1941). "Ausländische Säugetierfossilien der Ungarischen Museen. (1-4)" Földtani Közlöny, vol. 71, nos. 4-6, pp. 1-6
  14. ^ R. Dehm (1935). "Über tertiäre Spaltenfüllungen im Fränkischen und Schwäbischen Jura [On Tertiary fissure fillings in the Franconian and Swabian Jura."] Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung, Neue Folge 29:1-86
  15. ^ Forster Cooper, C. (1926). "Hyænodon aimi, sp. n., and a note on the occurrence of Anthracotherium minus from the Headon Beds at Hordle." Annals and Magazine of Natural History (9)18(106):370–373
  16. ^ Michael Morlo, Doris Nagel (2006). "New remains of Hyaenodontidae (Creodonta, Mammalia) from the Oligocene of Central Mongolia." Annales de Paléontologie 92(3):305-321
  17. ^ L. Van Valen (1967). "New Paleocene insectivores and insectivore classification." Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 135(5):217-284
  18. ^ Xueshi Huang, Ba Zhu (2002). "Creodont (Mammalia) remains from the Early Oligocene of Ulantatal, Nei Mongol." Vertebrata PalAsiatica 40(1):17-22
  19. ^ Malcolm C. McKenna, Susan K. Bell (1997). "Classification of Mammals: Above the Species Level", Columbia University Press, New York, 631 pages. Hyaenodon