Hyderabad
Haidarābād | |
|---|---|
Clockwise from top: Charminar during Ramzan night bazaar, Qutb Shahi tombs, Buddha Statue at Hussain Sagar, Falaknuma Palace, Buildings in HITEC City Main Road from Raidurg Metro station, and Birla Mandir. | |
 Interactive Map Outlining Hyderabad | |
  Hyderabad Location in Hyderabad  Hyderabad Location in Telangana  Hyderabad Location in India  Hyderabad Location in Asia .svg) Hyderabad Location in Earth | |
| Coordinates: 17°21′42″N 78°28′29″E / 17.36167°N 78.47472°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Telangana |
| Districts | |
| Established | 1591 |
| Founded by | Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah |
| Named for | Caliph Ali Ibn Abi Talib |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipal corporation |
| • Body | |
| • Parliament of India | Asaduddin Owaisi (AIMIM) G. Kishan Reddy (BJP) Konda Vishweshwar Reddy (BJP) Etela Rajender (BJP) |
| • Mayor | Gadwal Vijayalakshmi (INC) |
| Area | |
| • City | 650 km2 (250 sq mi) |
| • Urban | 1,225.59 km2 (473.20 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 7,257 km2 (2,802 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 524 m (1,719 ft) |
| Population (2011)[1] | |
| • City | 6,809,970 (4th) |
| • Estimate (2018)[2] | 9,482,000 |
| • Density | 10,477/km2 (27,140/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 7,677,018 (6th) |
| • Metro | 9.7 million (6th) |
| Demonym | Hyderabadi |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN(s) | 500xxx, 501xxx, 502xxx |
| Area codes | +91–40, 8413, 8414, 8415, 8417, 8418, 8453, 8455 |
| Vehicle registration | TG-07 to TG-15 |
| Official languages | |
| International airport | Rajiv Gandhi International Airport (HYD) |
| Rapid transit | Hyderabad Metro |
| Website | www |
Hyderabad (/ˈhaɪdərəbæd/ HY-dər-ə-bad;[5] ISO: Haidarābād, Telugu: [ˈɦaɪ̯daɾaːbaːd] , Urdu: [ˈɦɛːdəɾaːbaːd]) is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Telangana. It occupies 650 km2 (250 sq mi) on the Deccan Plateau along the banks of the Musi River, in the northern part of Southern India. With an average altitude of 542 m (1,778 ft), much of Hyderabad is situated on hilly terrain around artificial lakes, including the Hussain Sagar lake, predating the city's founding, in the north of the city centre. According to the 2011 census of India, Hyderabad is the fourth-most populous city in India with a population of 6.9 million residents within the city limits, and has a population of 9.7 million residents in the metropolitan region, making it the sixth-most populous metropolitan area in India. With an output of US$ 95 billion,[6][7] Hyderabad has the sixth-largest urban economy in India.
The Qutb Shahi dynasty's Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah established Hyderabad in 1591 to extend the capital beyond the fortified Golconda. In 1687, the city was annexed by the Mughals. In 1724, Asaf Jah I, the Mughal viceroy, declared his sovereignty and founded the Asaf Jahi dynasty, also known as the Nizams. Hyderabad served as the imperial capital of the Asaf Jahis from 1769 to 1948. As capital of the princely state of Hyderabad, the city housed the British Residency and cantonment until Indian independence in 1947. Hyderabad was annexed by the Indian Union in 1948 and continued as a capital of Hyderabad State from 1948 to 1956. After the introduction of the States Reorganisation Act of 1956, Hyderabad was made the capital of the newly formed Andhra Pradesh. In 2014, Andhra Pradesh was split to form the state of Telangana, and Hyderabad became the joint capital of the two states with a transitional arrangement scheduled to end in 2024.[8] Since 1956, the city has housed the Rashtrapati Nilayam, the winter office of the president of India.
Relics of the Qutb Shahi and Nizam eras remain visible today; the Charminar has come to symbolise the city. By the end of the early modern era, the Mughal Empire had declined in the Deccan, and the Nizam's patronage attracted men of letters from various parts of the world. A distinctive culture arose from the amalgamation of local and migrated artisans, with painting, handicraft, jewellery, literature, dialect and clothing prominent even today. For its cuisine, the city is listed as a creative city of gastronomy by UNESCO. The Telugu film industry based in the city is the highest-grossing film industry in India as of 2021[update].
Until the 19th century, Hyderabad was known for the pearl industry and was nicknamed the "City of Pearls", and was the only trading centre for Golconda diamonds in the world. Many of the city's historical and traditional bazaars remain open. Hyderabad's central location between the Deccan Plateau and the Western Ghats, and industrialisation throughout the 20th century attracted major Indian research, manufacturing, educational and financial institutions. Since the 1990s, the city has emerged as an Indian hub of pharmaceuticals and biotechnology and information technology. The formation of the special economic zones of Hardware Park and HITEC City, dedicated to information technology, has encouraged leading multinationals to set up operations in Hyderabad.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
greater Hyderabadwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "The World's Cities in 2018" (PDF). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. 2018. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 March 2021. Retrieved 11 July 2020.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
2011UAwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Time to put metropolitan planning committee in place". The Times of India. Hyderabad. 28 July 2014. Archived from the original on 14 March 2021. Retrieved 22 March 2016.
- ^ "Hyderabad". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 16 May 2021.
- ^ "Directorate of Economic and Statistics". ecostat.telangana.gov.in. Retrieved 23 August 2024.
- ^ "Hyderabad Metropolitan Development Authority (HMDA)". Hyderabad Metropolitan Development Authority. Retrieved 23 August 2024.
- ^ "Hyderabad ceases to be common capital of Telangana, Andhra Pradesh". The Indian Express. PTI. 2 June 2024. Retrieved 2 June 2024.