Hydrazinium

Hydrazinium

Structures of hydrazinium [N2H5]+ and hydrazinediium [N2H6]2+.
Names
Other names
Ammonia(+1) Dimer,
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
183
  • InChI=1S/H4N2/c1-2/h1-2H2/p+1
    Key: OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-O
  • [NH3+]N
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Hydrazinium is the cation with the formula [N2H5]+. This cation has a methylamine-like structure ([H2N−NH3]+). It can be derived from hydrazine by protonation (treatment with a strong acid). Hydrazinium is a weak acid with pKa = 8.1.

Salts of hydrazinium are common reagents in chemistry and are often used in certain industrial processes.[1] Notable examples are hydrazinium hydrogensulfate, N2H6SO4 or [N2H5]+[HSO4]−, and hydrazinium azide, N5H5 or [N2H5]+[N3]−. In the common names of such salts, the cation is often called "hydrazine", as in "hydrazine sulfate" for hydrazinium hydrogensulfate.

The terms "hydrazinium" and "hydrazine" may also be used for the doubly protonated cation [N2H6]2+, more properly called hydrazinediium or hydrazinium(2+). This cation has an ethane-like structure ([H3N−NH3]2+). Salts of this cation include hydrazinediium sulfate [N2H6]2+[SO4]2−[2] and hydrazinediium bis(6-carboxypyridazine-3-carboxylate), [N2H6]2+([C6H3N2O4]−)2.[3]

  1. ^ Jean-Pierre Schirmann, Paul Bourdauducq "Hydrazine" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2002. doi:10.1002/14356007.a13_177.
  2. ^ Klapötke, T.; Peter S. White; Inis C. Tornieporth-Oetting (1996). "Reaction of hydrazinium azide with sulfuric acid: the X-ray structure of [N
    2    H
    6    ][SO
    4    ]    ". Polyhedron. 15 (15): 2579–2582. doi:10.1016/0277-5387(95)00527-7.
  3. ^ W. Starosta and J. Leciejewicz (2008), "Hydrazinediium bis(6-carboxypyridazine-3-carboxylate) dihydrate". Acta Crystallographica, volume E64, article o461. doi:10.1107/S1600536808001037