Hydrogen bromide

Hydrogen bromide
Skeletal formula of hydrogen bromide with the explicit hydrogen and a measurement added
Ball-and-stick model of hydrogen bromide
Ball-and-stick model of hydrogen bromide
Names
IUPAC name
Hydrogen bromide
Preferred IUPAC name
Bromane[1]
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
3587158
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.030.090 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 233-113-0
KEGG
MeSH Hydrobromic+Acid
RTECS number
  • MW3850000
UNII
UN number 1048
  • InChI=1S/BrH/h1H checkY
    Key: CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • Br
Properties
HBr
Molar mass 80.91 g/mol
Appearance Colorless gas
Odor Acrid
Density 3.307 g/L (25 °C)[2]
Melting point −86.9 °C (−124.4 °F; 186.2 K)
Boiling point −66.8 °C (−88.2 °F; 206.3 K)
221 g/100 mL (0 °C)
204 g/100 mL (15 °C)
193 g/100 mL (20 °C)
130 g/100 mL (100 °C)
Solubility Soluble in alcohol, organic solvents
Vapor pressure 2.308 MPa (at 21 °C)
Acidity (pKa) −8.8 (±0.8);[3] ~−9[4]
Basicity (pKb) ~23
Conjugate acid Bromonium
Conjugate base Bromide
1.325[citation needed]
Structure
Linear
820 mD
Thermochemistry
350.7 mJ/(K·g)
198.696–198.704 J/(K·mol)[5]
−36.45...−36.13 kJ/mol[5]
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
Highly corrosive
GHS labelling:
GHS05: Corrosive GHS07: Exclamation mark
Danger
H314, H335
P261, P280, P305+P351+P338, P310
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
2858 ppm (rat, 1 h)
814 ppm (mouse, 1 h)[7]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
TWA 3 ppm (10 mg/m3)[6]
REL (Recommended)
TWA 3 ppm (10 mg/m3)[6]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
30 ppm[6]
Safety data sheet (SDS) hazard.com

physchem.ox.ac.uk

Related compounds
Related compounds
Hydrogen fluoride
Hydrogen chloride
Hydrogen iodide
Hydrogen astatide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Hydrogen bromide is the inorganic compound with the formula HBr. It is a hydrogen halide consisting of hydrogen and bromine. A colorless gas, it dissolves in water, forming hydrobromic acid, which is saturated at 68.85% HBr by weight at room temperature. Aqueous solutions that are 47.6% HBr by mass form a constant-boiling azeotrope mixture that boils at 124.3 °C (255.7 °F). Boiling less concentrated solutions releases H2O until the constant-boiling mixture composition is reached.

Hydrogen bromide, and its aqueous solution, hydrobromic acid, are commonly used reagents in the preparation of bromide compounds.

Molecular structure and dipole moment of hydrogen bromide (HBr)
  1. ^ Favre, Henri A.; Powell, Warren H., eds. (2014). Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry: IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013. Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. p. 131. ISBN 9781849733069.
  2. ^ Lide, David R., ed. (2006). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87th ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0487-3.
  3. ^ Trummal, Aleksander; Lipping, Lauri; Kaljurand, Ivari; Koppel, Ilmar A; Leito, Ivo (2016). "Acidity of Strong Acids in Water and Dimethyl Sulfoxide". The Journal of Physical Chemistry A. 120 (20): 3663–9. Bibcode:2016JPCA..120.3663T. doi:10.1021/acs.jpca.6b02253. PMID 27115918. S2CID 29697201.
  4. ^ Perrin, D. D. Dissociation constants of inorganic acids and bases in aqueous solution. Butterworths, London, 1969.
  5. ^ a b Zumdahl, Steven S. (2009). Chemical Principles 6th Ed. Houghton Mifflin Company. ISBN 978-0-618-94690-7.
  6. ^ a b c NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0331". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  7. ^ "Hydrogen bromide". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).