Subclass of hydrozoans
Hydroidolina [ 1] is a subclass of Hydrozoa and makes up 90% of the class.[ 2] Controversy surrounds who the sister groups of Hydroidolina are, but research has shown that three orders remain consistent as direct relatives: Siphonophorae , Anthoathecata , and Leptothecata .[ 3]
^ Kayal E, Bentlage B, Cartwright P, Yanagihara AA, Lindsay DJ, Hopcroft RR, Collins AG (November 2015). "Phylogenetic analysis of higher-level relationships within Hydroidolina (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) using mitochondrial genome data and insight into their mitochondrial transcription" . PeerJ . 3 : e1403. doi :10.7717/peerj.1403 . PMC 4655093 . PMID 26618080 .
^ Collins AG, Schuchert P, Marques AC, Jankowski T, Medina M, Schierwater B (February 2006). Collins T (ed.). "Medusozoan phylogeny and character evolution clarified by new large and small subunit rDNA data and an assessment of the utility of phylogenetic mixture models" . Systematic Biology . 55 (1): 97–115. doi :10.1080/10635150500433615 . PMID 16507527 . S2CID 15523821 .
^ Bentlage B, Collins AG (September 2021). "Tackling the phylogenetic conundrum of Hydroidolina (Cnidaria: Medusozoa: Hydrozoa) by assessing competing tree topologies with targeted high-throughput sequencing" . PeerJ . 9 : e12104. doi :10.7717/peerj.12104 . PMC 8435201 . PMID 34589302 .