Hyperboreae Undae (Latin: "Far Northern Waves/Dunes") is one of the largest and densest dune fields of Planum Boreum, the Martian North Pole.[1] It is named after one of the classical albedo features on Mars.[2] Its name was officially approved by IAU in 1988. It extends from latitude 77.12°N to 82.8°N and from longitude 302.92°E to 316.02°E (43.98°W – 57.08°W).[2] Its centre is at latitude 79.96°N, longitude 49.49°W, and has a diameter of 463.65 kilometres (288.10 mi).[2]
Hyperboreae Undae is southwest of the Boreum Cavus depression, an arc-like depression at the northeastern boundary of Chasma Boreale. From there, Hyperboreae Undae continues in a southwestern direction through Chasma Boreale, and into the lowlands of Vastitas Borealis.[3] It overlays the eastern part of Hyperboreae Lingua and the region above Escorial crater.[4]
Hyperboreae Undae is well known for the barchanoid and linear dunes that have formed at its location, although they are seemingly incompatible.[5] Research has been ongoing to explain the coexistence of these types of dunes at Hyperboreae Undae and elsewhere on Mars.[5] Another type of formation found at Hyperboreae Undae is the yardang.[5]