Hyperion (moon)

Hyperion
Hyperion in approximately natural color, as photographed by the Cassini spacecraft. Bond-Lassell Dorsum arcs across much of Hyperion's face
Discovery
Discovered by
Discovery date16 September 1848
Designations
Designation
Saturn VII
Pronunciation/hˈpɪəriən/[1][a]
Named after
Ὑπερίων Hyperīon[a]
AdjectivesHyperionian /ˌhɪpərˈniən/[2][3]
Orbital characteristics
1,481,009 km (920,256 mi)[b]
Eccentricity0.1230061[4]
21.276 d
Inclination0.43° (to Saturn's equator)[5][6]
Satellite ofSaturn
Physical characteristics
Dimensions360.2 km × 266.0 km × 205.4 km (223.8 mi × 165.3 mi × 127.6 mi)[7]
135.00±4.00 km[8]
Mass(5.5510±0.0007)×1018 kg[8]
Mean density
0.5386±0.0479 g/cm3[8]
0.017–0.021 m/s2 depending on location[7]
45–99 m/s depending on location.[9]
~13 d (chaotic)[10]
variable
Albedo0.3[11]
Temperature93 K (−180 C)[12]
14.1[13]

Hyperion /hˈpɪəriən/, also known as Saturn VII, is the eighth-largest moon of Saturn. It is distinguished by its highly irregular shape, chaotic rotation, low density, and its unusual sponge-like appearance. It was the first non-rounded moon to be discovered.

  1. ^ "Hyperion". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on March 22, 2020.
    "Hyperion". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster.
  2. ^ "JPL (ca. 2008) Cassini Equinox Mission: Hyperion". Archived from the original on 2016-04-10. Retrieved 2011-01-30.
  3. ^ Bill Yenne (1987) The Atlas of the Solar System, p. 144
  4. ^ Pluto Project pseudo-MPEC for Saturn VII Archived 2006-05-29 at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ NASA's Solar System Exploration: Saturn: Moons: Hyperion: Facts & Figures Archived 2004-11-03 at the Wayback Machine
  6. ^ MIRA's Field Trips to the Stars Internet Education Program: Saturn
  7. ^ a b Thomas, P. C. (July 2010). "Sizes, shapes, and derived properties of the saturnian satellites after the Cassini nominal mission" (PDF). Icarus. 208 (1): 395–401. Bibcode:2010Icar..208..395T. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2010.01.025. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-12-23. Retrieved 2015-09-04.
  8. ^ a b c Jacobson, Robert. A. (1 November 2022). "The Orbits of the Main Saturnian Satellites, the Saturnian System Gravity Field, and the Orientation of Saturn's Pole*". The Astronomical Journal. 164 (5): 199. Bibcode:2022AJ....164..199J. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac90c9. S2CID 252992162.
  9. ^ Thomas, P.C.; Armstrong, J. W.; Asmar, S. W.; Burns, J. A.; Denk, T.; Giese, B.; Helfenstein, P.; Iess, L.; et al. (2007). "Hyperion's Sponge-like Appearance". Nature. 448 (7149): 50–56. Bibcode:2007Natur.448...50T. doi:10.1038/nature05779. PMID 17611535. S2CID 4415537.
  10. ^ "Hyperion In Depth". NASA. Retrieved 2019-02-05.
  11. ^ D.R. Williams (18 September 2006). "Saturnian Satellite Fact Sheet". NASA. Retrieved 2007-11-04.
  12. ^ "About Saturn & Its Moons: Moons – Hyperion". Cassini @ JPL/NASA. Archived from the original on 2012-06-04. Retrieved 2011-01-30.
  13. ^ Cite error: The named reference Observatorio ARVAL was invoked but never defined (see the help page).


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