Ibn Kullab

Ibn Kullāb
ابن كُلاَّب
Personal
BornUnknown
Died240 A.H. = 854 A.D.[7]
241 A.H. = 855 A.D.
ReligionIslam
EraIslamic Golden Age
RegionAbbasid Caliphate
DenominationSunni[1][2][3]
JurisprudenceShafi'i[4]
CreedAhl al-Hadith[5][6]
Main interest(s)Aqidah, Kalam (Islamic theology)
Notable work(s)Al-Radd 'ala al-Hashwiyya
Muslim leader
Influenced by
Influenced
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Ibn Kullab (Arabic: ابن كُلاَّب) (d. ca. 241/855) was an early Sunni theologian (mutakallim)[1][2] in Basra and Baghdad in the first half of the 9th century during the time of the Mihna and belonged, according to Ibn al-Nadim, to the traditionalist group of the Nawabit.[Note 1] His movement, also called Kullabiyya,[Note 2] merged and developed into Ash'arism, which, along with Maturidism and Atharism (practically: Hanbalism),[Note 3] forms the theological basis of Sunni Islam.[11]

Ibn Kullab headed a group made up of mainly direct and second generation students of Al-Shafi that included Al-Karibisi, Al-Qalanisi, Al-Muhasibi, Al-Bukhari, Abu Thawr and Dawud-al Zahiri.[12] They were known for their extreme criticism of Jahmis, Mu'tazilis, and Anthropomorphists by using rationalistic methods (Kalaam) to defend orthodox creedal points of Sunni Islam.[13] They contradicted the Mu'tazili doctrine of Khalq al-Qur'an (Createdness of the Qur'an) by introducing a distinction between the words of God (Kalam Allah) and its pronunciation.[14]

He was praised by several famous scholars, including Ibn 'Asakir, Taj al-Din al-Subki, Ibn Hajar al-'Asqalani, Ibn Khaldun, Ibn Abi Zayd al-Qayrawani, Ibn Qadi Shuhba, Jamal al-Din al-Isnawi, Kamal al-Din al-Bayadi in his Isharat al-Maram, Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi in his work Kitab Usul al-Din, al-Shahrastani in al-Milal wa al-Nihal, and al-Kawthari.[15]

  1. ^ a b Nathan Spannaus (2019). Preserving Islamic Tradition: Abu Nasr Qursawi and the Beginnings of Modern Reformism. Oxford University Press. p. 147. ISBN 9780190654900.
  2. ^ a b Salim Ayduz; Caner Dagli (2010). The Oxford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Science, and Technology in Islam. Oxford University Press. p. 58. ISBN 9780199812578. Ibn Kullab was a scholar of Ahl al-Sunnat wa-al-Jamaʿah and established the Kullabiya school.
  3. ^ Muhammad Salih al-Ghursi. "منهج الأشاعرة في العقيدة بين الحقائق والأوهام » بيان حال الإمام أبي محمد عبد الله بن كُلاَّب" (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 11 Dec 2022.
  4. ^ Jamil, Khairil Husaini Bin. "Ḥadīth, Piety and Law: Selected Studies." By Christopher Melchert. Atlanta, Georgia: Lockwood Press, 2015. Pp. 359. ISBN 978-1-937040-49-9. (2018): 263-267. "Melchert has proposed several names such as al-Karābīsī, Ibn Kullāb, al-Muḥāsibi, al-Qalānisī and others who were loosely associated with al-Shāfiʿī..."
  5. ^ Laury Silvers (2010). A Soaring Minaret: Abu Bakr al-Wasiti and the Rise of Baghdadi Sufism. State University of New York Press. p. 69. ISBN 9781438431727. Wasiti's position on this matter seem to be in keeping with the early Ahl al-Hadith theologian Ibn Kullab (d. ca. 240/855)
  6. ^ Farid Suleiman (2019). Ibn Taymiyya und die Attribute Gottes (in German). Walter de Gruyter GmbH. p. 71. ISBN 9783110623277. Diese sind vielmehr – wie der ašʿaritische Doxograph ʿAbd al-Qāhir al-Baġdādī (gest. 429/1037) sie nennt – die frühen Generationen der spekulativen Theologen unter den Traditionalisten (al-mutaqaddimün min mutakallimi ahl al-hadit);" allen voran Ibn Kulläb (gest. 241/855), aber auch Denker wie al-Muhäsibi (gest. 243/857) und al-Qalänisi (bl. in der zweiten Hälfte des 3./9. Jhs.).
  7. ^ Christopher Melchert (1997). The Formation of the Sunni Schools of Law: 9th-10th Centuries C.E. Brill Publishers. p. 69. ISBN 9789004109520.
  8. ^ a b Benjamin Jokisch (2007). Islamic Imperial Law: Harun-al-Rashid's Codification Project. Walter de Gruyter. p. 622. ISBN 9783110190489.
  9. ^ al-Qadi, Wadad (1993). "The Earliest "Nābita" and the Paradigmatic "Nawābit"". Studia Islamica (78). Brill: 51–53, 59, 61. doi:10.2307/1595606. JSTOR 1595606.
  10. ^ Jeffry R. Halverson (2010). Theology and Creed in Sunni Islam: The Muslim Brotherhood, Ash'arism, and Political Sunnism. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 35–36. ISBN 9780230106581.
  11. ^ Benjamin Jokisch (2007). Islamic Imperial Law: Harun-al-Rashid's Codification Project. Walter de Gruyter. p. 357. ISBN 9783110190489.
  12. ^ The Adversaries of Aḥmad Ibn Ḥanbal. Christopher Melchert T. 44, Fasc. 2 (Apr., 1997), pp. 234-253: "Al-Karabisi's (And Ibn Kullabs) doctrine of the pronunciation was taken up after him by Ahmad al-Sarrak (fl. ca. 240/854-855), Abu Thawr (d. 240/854), Ibn Kullab (d. ca. 240/854-855), al-Harit al-Muhasibi (d. 243/857-858), Dawud al-Zahiri (d. 270/884), and even al-Bukhari (d. 256/870). Indeed, most of the known semi-rationalist Kullabi school were loosely associated with Al-Shafi'i."
  13. ^ Ahmed el-Shamsy. "Canonization beyond the Shāfiʿī School", The Canonization of Islamic Law, Cambridge University Press, pp. 194–220, 2013-10-21, doi:10.1017/cbo9781139649711.013, ISBN 978-1-139-64971-1, retrieved 2023-08-14
  14. ^ "Ibn Kullāb — Brill". Brill Online Reference Works. 24 April 2012.
  15. ^ Hamad al-Sinan; Fawzi al-'Anjari. "أهل السنة الأشاعرة شهادة علماء الأمة وأدلتهم » شبهة مرور أبي الحسن الأشعري بثلاث مراحل والرد على المرحلتين الأولى والثانية" [Ahl al-Sunna: The Ash'aris - The Testimony and Proofs of the Scholars] (in Arabic). Translated by Abdul Aziz Suraqah. Forewords by: Wahbah al-Zuhayli, Muhammad Sa'id Ramadan al-Buti, 'Ali Gum'a, 'Ali al-Jifri, and others. Archived from the original on 11 Dec 2022.


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