Ice jam

Ice jams occur when a topographic feature of the river causes floating river ice to accumulate and impede further progress downstream with the river current.^[1] Ice jams can significantly reduce the flow of a river and cause upstream flooding—sometimes called ice dams. Ice jam flooding can also occur downstream when the jam releases in an outburst flood. In either case, flooding can cause damage to structures on shore.

^ Chave, R.A.J. and Lemon, David and Fissel, D.B. and Dupuis, L. and Dumont, S. (December 2004). "Real-time measurements of ice draft and velocity in the St. Lawrence River". Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600). Vol. 3. pp. 1629–1633. doi:10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1406366. ISBN 0-7803-8669-8. S2CID 21814956.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[1] Chave, R.A.J. and Lemon, David and Fissel, D.B. and Dupuis, L. and Dumont, S. (December 2004). "Real-time measurements of ice draft and velocity in the St. Lawrence River". Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600). Vol. 3. pp. 1629–1633. doi:10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1406366. ISBN 0-7803-8669-8. S2CID 21814956.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

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