Identitarian movement

Not to be confused with Identity politics.

Lambda, the symbol of the Identitarian movement used primarily in Europe by Generation Identity and occasionally other countries, inspired by the Spartan shields in the movie 300.[1][2]

The Identitarian movement or Identitarianism is a pan-European nationalist, ethno-nationalist,[3][4][5] far-right[6][7][5] political ideology asserting the right of the European ethnic groups and white peoples to Western culture and territories exclusively. Originating in France as Les Identitaires ("The Identitarians"), with its youth wing Generation Identity (GI), the movement expanded to other European countries during the early 21st century. Its ideology was formulated from the 1960s onward by essayists such as Alain de Benoist, Dominique Venner, Guillaume Faye and Renaud Camus, who are considered the main ideological sources of the movement.

Identitarians promote concepts such as pan-European nationalism, localism, ethnopluralism, remigration, or the Great Replacement, and they are generally opposed to globalisation, multiculturalism, the spread of Islam and European immigration.[8][9][4] Influenced by New Right metapolitics, they do not seek direct electoral results, but rather to provoke long-term social transformations and eventually achieve cultural hegemony and popular adherence to their ideas.[10][11]

Identitarians are opposed to cultural mixing and promote the preservation of homogeneous ethno-cultural entities,[12][4] generally to the exclusion of extra-European migrants and descendants of immigrants,[13][14][15] and may espouse ideas considered xenophobic and racialist.

In 2019, the Identitarian Movement was classified by the German Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution as right-wing extremist.[16]

The movement is most notable in Europe, and although rooted in Western Europe, it has spread more rapidly to the eastern part of the continent through conscious efforts of the likes of Faye. It also has adherents among white nationalists in North America,[20] Australia,[24] and New Zealand.[27] The United States–based Southern Poverty Law Center considers many of these organisations to be hate groups.[28]

  1. ^ Weiß, Volker (21 March 2013). "Nicht links, nicht rechts – nur national". Die Zeit. Archived from the original on 17 July 2013.
  2. ^ Mrozek, Bodo (20 December 2017). "Unter falscher Flagge. Rechte "Identitäre" setzen auf Antiken-Pop. Die Geschichte ihrer Symbole dürfte ihnen kaum gefallen". PopHistory. Retrieved 10 December 2021.
  3. ^ Camus 2018, p. 2: "It was the transition from French nationalism to the promotion of a European identity, theorised by Europe-Action in the mid-1960s, which disrupted the references of the French far-right by producing a schism which has not been repaired to date, separating integral sovereignists, for whom no level of sovereignty is legitimate except the sovereignty of the nation state, (...) from the identitarians, for whom the nation state is an intermediate framework between being rooted in a region (in the sense of the German Heimat) and belonging to the framework of European civilisation."
  4. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference François-2009 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ a b Schumacher, Elizabeth (8 February 2022). "Disclose.TV: English disinformation made in Germany". Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 26 October 2022. The Identitarians are a far-right group who promote pan-European ethno-nationalism.
  6. ^ Mudde 2019: "The Identitarians are a pan-European far-right movement which started with the Identitarian Bloc in France in 2003."
  7. ^ Taguieff 2015: "... we can see in the multiplication of these new [emerging Identitarian and protesting] party-movements an indication of the emergence of a new far-right with many faces, described as 'post-industrial' by Piero Ignazi, and who has set it apart from the 'traditional' far-right, guardian of nostalgia."
  8. ^ Schlembach, Raphael (2016). Against Old Europe: Critical Theory and Alter-Globalization Movements. Routledge. 134. ISBN 9781317183884.
  9. ^ Camus (2018), p. 1.
  10. ^ Teitelbaum (2017), pp. 43–44.
  11. ^ Mudde (2019).
  12. ^ Teitelbaum (2017), p. 31.
  13. ^ Vejvodová, Petra (September 2014). The Identitarian Movement – renewed idea of alternative Europe (PDF). ECPR General Conference. Masaryk University, Brno: Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social Studies. Retrieved 10 May 2017.
  14. ^ Burley, Shane (2017). Fascism Today: What It Is and How to End It. AK Press. p. 66. ISBN 978-1-84935-295-6.
  15. ^ Cite error: The named reference camusmathieu was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  16. ^ Staff (11 July 2019). "Identitäre Bewegung als rechtsextrem eingestuft". Deutsche Welle.
  17. ^ a b c Ebner, Julia (24 October 2017). "The Fringe Insurgency" (PDF). Institute for Strategic Dialogue. Identitarianism is a pan-European ethno-nationalist movement
  18. ^ "White nationalists charter ship to catch Muslims in the Mediterranean". miamiherald. Retrieved 5 August 2017. White nationalists charter ship to catch Muslims in the Mediterranean... Generation Identity, whose members call themselves Identitarians
  19. ^ "Antifa, alt-right, white supremacy: A glossary of terms to know". The Tennessean. Retrieved 20 October 2017. Identitarianism: A white nationalist movement with roots in Europe, popularized in the United States in the last couple years through groups like Identity Evropa fliering college campuses.
  20. ^ [17][18][19]
  21. ^ a b "Your Handy Field Guide to the Many Factions of the Far Right, From the Proud Boys to Identity Evropa". Wired. Retrieved 17 October 2017.
  22. ^ a b "American Racists Work to Spread 'Identitarian' Ideology". Hatewatch. Southern Poverty Law Center. 12 October 2015.
  23. ^ a b Knight, Ben (20 March 2017). "German right-wing Identitarians 'becoming radicalized'". DW.COM. Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 17 October 2017.
  24. ^ [21][22][23][17]
  25. ^ Cite error: The named reference nz1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  26. ^ Cite error: The named reference newsroom was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  27. ^ [25][26]
  28. ^ [21][22][23][17]