Ignace Reiss | |
|---|---|
 Ignace Reiss | |
| Born | Nathan Markovic Poreckij 1899 Podwołoczyska (Pidvolochysk), then in Galicia, Austria-Hungary |
| Died | 4 September 1937 (aged 37 or 38) Lausanne, Switzerland |
| Cause of death | Assassination by gunshot |
| Alma mater | Faculty of Law, University of Vienna |
| Occupation | Spy |
| Spouse | Elsa Bernaut (a.k.a. "Else Bernaut" a.k.a. "Elisabeth K. Poretsky" a.k.a. "Elsa Reiss") |
| Children | 1 son |
| Awards | Order of the Red Banner |
| Espionage activity | |
| Allegiance | Soviet Union |
| Service years | 1919–1937 |
| Codename |
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Ignace Reiss (1899 – 4 September 1937) – also known as "Ignace Poretsky,"[1] "Ignatz Reiss,"[2] "Ludwig,"[3] "Ludwik",[1] "Hans Eberhardt,"[4] "Steff Brandt,"[5] Nathan Poreckij,[6] and "Walter Scott (an officer of the U.S. military intelligence)"[7] – was one of the "Great Illegals" or Soviet spies who worked in third party countries where they were not nationals in the late 1920s and 1930s.[8] He was known as a nevozvrashchenec ("unreturnable").
An NKVD team assassinated him on 4 September 1937 near Lausanne, Switzerland, a few weeks after he declared his defection in a letter addressed to Joseph Stalin.[9][10] He was a lifelong friend of Walter Krivitsky; his assassination influenced the timing and method of Whittaker Chambers's defection a few months later.
- ^ a b Poretsky, Elisabeth K. (1969). Our Own People: A Memoir of "Ignace Reiss" and His Friends. London: Oxford University Press. pp. 1–2 (Letter), 7–26 (Childhood), 27–36 (Polish Party), 37–52 (Lwow), 53–71 (Berlin/Vienna), 72-85 (Prague/Amsterdam), 86-129 (Moscow), 103-107 (Richard Sorge), 130-155 (Europe), 156-207 (Moscow), 208-226 (Switzerland), 243-270 (Afterward), 271-274 (Epilogue). LCCN 70449412.
- ^ Chambers, Whittaker (1952). Witness. New York: Random House. pp. 36 ("like rabbits from a burrow"), 47, 461. LCCN 52005149.
- ^ Massing, Hede (1951). This Deception. New York: Duell, Sloan and Pearce. pp. 98 et al. LCCN 51002483.
- ^ Krivitsky, Walter; Isaac Don Levine (1939). In Stalin's Secret Service. New York: Harper & Brothers. p. 252. LCCN 40027004.
- ^ Kern, Gary (2004). A Death in Washington: Walter G. Krivitsky and the Stalin Terror. Enigma Books. pp. Natan 80, Steff Brandt 122 and 438. ISBN 978-1-929631-25-4.
- ^ "Reiss, Ignatius". Project Chronos. Retrieved September 8, 2010.
- ^ Volodarsky, Boris (20 January 2015). Stalin's Agent: The Life and Death of Alexander Orlov. London, New York: Oxford University Press. p. 44 (Walter Scott), 297 (French Ministry). ISBN 978-0-19-965658-5. Retrieved February 2, 2015.
- ^ Duff, William E. (1999). A time for spies: Theodore Stephanovich Mally and the era of the great illegals. Vanderbilt University Press. pp. 58, 169, 170. ISBN 0-8265-1352-2.
- ^ Pg 457 - Trotsky, Leon; Naomi Allen (September 1976). Writings of Leon Trotsky: 1937-38 (when ed.). Pathfinder Press. ISBN 978-0-87348-468-8.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)- Total pages: 511 - ^ "ICL Decrees: No More "Reiss Factions"". internationalist.org. March 2001. Retrieved September 5, 2010.