 | This article needs attention from an expert in anthropology. The specific problem is: does not display the same level of source richness and academic rigor as articles such as English people. (July 2023) |
 | This article may incorporate text from a large language model. (October 2024) |
 Ilocano women from Santa Catalina, Ilocos Sur, c. 1900 | |
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 8,746,169 (2020)[1] | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
 Philippines(Ilocos Region, Cordillera, Cagayan Valley, Central Luzon, Metro Manila, some parts of Soccsksargen)  United States(Hawaii, California) Worldwide | |
| Languages | |
| Ilocano, Tagalog, English | |
| Religion | |
| Predominantly Roman Catholicism, Aglipayan minority, Iglesia ni Cristo, Protestantism, Members Church of God International, Jehovah's Witnesses, Islam, Buddhism[2][3] | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Itneg, Balangao, Pangasinan, Ibaloi, Kankanaey, Ibanag, Itawes Tagalog Austronesian peoples[4] |
The Ilocanos (Ilocano: Tattao nga Ilokano, Kailukuan / Kailukoan), also referred to as Ilokano or Iloko, are an Austronesian ethnic group and the third-largest ethnolinguistic group in the Philippines. Originally from the Ilocos Region on the northwestern coast of Luzon, Philippines and later expanded throughout Northern Luzon. Their native language is called Iloco.
Historically, the Ilocano people developed a rich and complex system of beliefs and social practices shaped by centuries of Catholicism and the influence of animism-polytheism traditions. These traditions are deeply rooted in their agricultural lifestyle, communal values, and close-knit family structures, reflecting their strong connection to the land and community.[5]
The Ilocano population extends across most parts of the Philippines, beyond the Ilocos Region. Ilocanos are widely present in the Cagayan Valley, Cordillera Administrative Region, and the northern and western parts of Central Luzon. Many have also migrated to Metro Manila, Palawan, Mindanao, and even to international destinations, particularly Hawaii and California.[6] This migration was primarily driven by population pressures in their densely populated homeland, which has limited agricultural capacity.[7][8]
- ^ "Ethnicity in the Philippines (2020 Census of Population and Housing)". Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved July 4, 2023.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
encycwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
joshuaprojectwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "ILOCANO | Cassell's Peoples, Nations and Cultures - Credo Reference".
- ^ "Ilocano Lowland Cultural Community". National Commission for Culture and the Arts. Archived from the original on November 4, 2021. Retrieved November 3, 2021.
- ^ "Politics of Ethnicity among Ilokanos in Hawaii".
- ^ "Ilocanos - Document - Gale in Context: World History".
- ^ "Ilocano | people | Britannica". January 12, 2024.