In ovo

The bioactive compounds could be injected into the egg via air sac, albumen, yolk sac, amnion, and allantoic fluid [1].

In ovo is Latin for in the egg. In medical usage it refers to the growth of live virus in chicken egg embryos for vaccine development for human use, as well as an effective method for vaccination of poultry against various Avian influenza and coronaviruses. During the incubation period, the virus replicates in the cells that make up the chorioallantoic membrane.[2][3]

  1. ^ Das, Razib; Mishra, Pravin; Jha, Rajesh (2021-11-11). "In ovo Feeding as a Tool for Improving Performance and Gut Health of Poultry: A Review". Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 8: 754246. doi:10.3389/fvets.2021.754246. ISSN 2297-1769. PMC 8632539. PMID 34859087.
  2. ^ Ricks CA, Avakian A, Bryan T, Gildersleeve R, Haddad E, Ilich R, et al. (1999). "In ovo vaccination technology". Advances in Veterinary Medicine. 41: 495–515. doi:10.1016/S0065-3519(99)80037-8. PMID 9890038.
  3. ^ Hickling J, D'Hondt E (December 2006). "A review of production technologies for influenza virus vaccines, and their suitability for deployment in developing countries for influenza pandemic preparedness" (PDF). World Health Organization Initiative for Vaccine Research. pp. 1–34. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-10-08.