Indiana

Indiana
State of Indiana
Nickname
"The Hoosier State"
Motto
Anthem: "On the Banks of the Wabash, Far Away"
[1]
Map of the United States with Indiana highlighted
Map of the United States with Indiana highlighted
CountryUnited States
Before statehoodIndiana Territory
Admitted to the UnionDecember 11, 1816 (19th)
Capital
(and largest city)
Indianapolis
Largest county or equivalentMarion
Largest metro and urban areasIndianapolis
Government
 • GovernorEric Holcomb (R)
 • Lieutenant GovernorSuzanne Crouch (R)
LegislatureGeneral Assembly
 • Upper houseIndiana Senate
 • Lower houseIndiana House of Representatives
JudiciaryIndiana Supreme Court
U.S. senators
U.S. House delegation
(list)
Area
 • Total36,418 sq mi (94,321 km2)
 • Land35,868 sq mi (92,897 km2)
 • Water550 sq mi (1,424 km2)  1.5%
 • Rank38th
Dimensions
 • Length270 mi (435 km)
 • Width140 mi (225 km)
Elevation
700 ft (210 m)
Highest elevation1,257 ft (383 m)
Lowest elevation
(Confluence of Ohio River and Wabash River[2][a])
320 ft (97 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total6,785,528[3]
 • Rank17th
 • Density189/sq mi (73.1/km2)
  • Rank16th
 • Median household income
$62,743 (2,021)[4]
 • Income rank
37th
DemonymHoosier
Language
 • Official languageEnglish
Time zones
80 countiesUTC−05:00 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−04:00 (EDT)
12 countiesUTC−06:00 (Central)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−05:00 (CDT)
USPS abbreviation
IN
ISO 3166 codeUS-IN
Traditional abbreviationInd.
Latitude37° 46′ N to 41° 46′ N
Longitude84° 47′ W to 88° 6′ W
Websitein.gov
State symbols of Indiana
List of state symbols
Poem"Indiana"[5]
Slogan"IN Indiana"[6]
Living insignia
BirdNorthern cardinal[7]
(Cardinalis cardinalis)
FlowerPeony[8]
(Paeonia)
InsectSay's firefly[9]
(Pyractomena angulata)
TreeTulip tree[8]
(Liriodendron tulipifera)
Inanimate insignia
Color(s)Blue and gold
FirearmGrouseland Rifle[10]
FoodPopcorn (state snack)[11]
FossilMastodon[12]
(Mammut americanum)
RockIndiana limestone[13]
OtherWabash River (state river)[13]
Republic P-47 Thunderbolt Hoosier Spirit II (state aircraft)[14]
State route marker
Route marker
State quarter
Indiana quarter dollar coin
Released in 2002
Lists of United States state symbols

Indiana (/ˌɪndiˈænə/ IN-dee-AN)[15] is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Michigan to the northwest, Michigan to the north and northeast, Ohio to the east, the Ohio River and Kentucky to the south and southeast, and the Wabash River and Illinois to the west. Nicknamed "the Hoosier State",[16] Indiana is the 38th-largest by area and the 17th-most populous of the 50 states. Its capital and largest city is Indianapolis. Indiana was admitted to the Union as the 19th state on December 11, 1816.

Various indigenous peoples inhabited what would become Indiana for thousands of years, some of whom the U.S. government expelled between 1800 and 1836. Indiana received its name because the state was largely possessed by native tribes even after it was granted statehood. Since then, settlement patterns in Indiana have reflected regional cultural segmentation present in the Eastern United States; the state's northernmost tier was settled primarily by people from New England and New York, Central Indiana by migrants from the Mid-Atlantic states and adjacent Ohio, and Southern Indiana by settlers from the Upland South, particularly Kentucky and Tennessee.[17]

Indiana has a diverse economy with a gross state product of $352.62 billion in 2021.[18] It has several metropolitan areas with populations greater than 100,000 and a number of smaller cities and towns. Indiana is home to professional sports teams, including the NFL's Indianapolis Colts and the NBA's Indiana Pacers. The state also hosts several notable competitive events, such as the Indianapolis 500, held at Indianapolis Motor Speedway.

  1. ^ "Indiana State Song". in.gov. Indiana Historical Bureau. December 7, 2020. Retrieved November 6, 2022. The song entitled, "On the Banks of the Wabash, Far Away," words and music by Paul Dresser, be and is hereby established as the state song of Indiana. (Ind. Code § 1-2-6-1)
  2. ^ a b "Elevations and Distances in the United States". United States Geological Survey. 2001. Retrieved October 21, 2011.
  3. ^ Resident Population Data. "Resident Population Data – 2020 Census" (PDF). United States Census Bureau.
  4. ^ "Median Annual Household Income". The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. November 17, 2022. Retrieved April 8, 2023.
  5. ^ "Indiana State Poem". in.gov. Indiana Historical Bureau. December 7, 2020. Retrieved November 6, 2022. The poem of Arthur Franklin Mapes, Kendallville, Indiana, the title and text of which are set forth in full as a part of this section, is hereby adopted as Indiana's official poem. (Ind. Code § 1-2-5-1)
  6. ^ Kane, Lizzie (June 8, 2022). "'IN Indiana': State launches tourism campaign following height of COVID-19 pandemic". The Indianapolis Star. Retrieved November 6, 2022.
  7. ^ "Indiana State Bird". in.gov. Indiana Historical Bureau. December 7, 2020. Retrieved November 6, 2022. The bird commonly known as the Red Bird or Cardinal (Richmondena Cardinalis Cardinalis) is hereby adopted and designated as the official state bird of the state of Indiana. (Ind. Code § 1-2-8-1)
  8. ^ a b "Indiana State Tree and Flower". in.gov. Indiana Historical Bureau. December 7, 2020. Retrieved November 6, 2022. The tulip tree (liriodendron tulipifera) is hereby adopted and designated as the official state tree, and the flower of the peony (Paeonie) is hereby adopted and designated as the official state flower of the state of Indiana. (Ind. Code § 1-2-8-1)
  9. ^ "Say's Firefly". in.gov. Indiana Department of Natural Resources. January 26, 2021. Retrieved November 6, 2022. Say's Firefly became Indiana's state insect when legislation proclaiming it as such was signed by Gov. Eric Holcomb on March 23, 2018.
  10. ^ Evans, Tim (February 16, 2016). "Replica of Grouseland Rifle, the official state gun, commissioned for bicentennial". The Indianapolis Star. Retrieved November 6, 2022.
  11. ^ Mills, Wes (July 2, 2021). "It's Official: Popcorn is Indiana's State Snack". Inside Indiana Business. Retrieved November 6, 2022.
  12. ^ "Indiana lawmakers name mastodon as first state fossil". WHAS-TV. February 19, 2022.
  13. ^ a b "Indiana State River and Stone". in.gov. Indiana Historical Bureau. December 7, 2020. Retrieved November 6, 2022. The river commonly known as the Wabash River is adopted and designated as the official river of the state of Indiana. (Ind. Code § 1-2-11-1) (...) The regal type rock 'Limestone' which is found and quarried in south and central Indiana from the geologic formation named the Salem Limestone, is hereby adopted as the official stone of the State of Indiana. (Ind. Code § 1-2-9-1)
  14. ^ "New look unveiled for Evansville's P-47, Hoosier Spirit II". tristatehomepage.com. WEHT. May 7, 2021. Retrieved November 7, 2022.
  15. ^ "Indiana". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster.
  16. ^ IHB (December 7, 2020). "What is a Hoosier". IHB. Retrieved May 3, 2024.
  17. ^ William Vincent D'Antonio; Robert L. Beck. "Indiana – Settlement patterns and demographic trends". eb.com. Retrieved January 3, 2012.
  18. ^ "U.S. federal state of Indiana - real GDP 2000-2021". Statista. Retrieved July 21, 2022.


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