Indigenous peoples and the Canadian criminal justice system

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Indigenous peoples in Canada are significantly overrepresented in the Canadian justice system. They make up approximately 30 per cent of all incarcerated individuals in Canada despite being approximately 4 per cent of the total population.^{[1][failed verification][when?]} Explanations for this overrepresentation include historical injustices – and the contemporary outcomes which are results of that history – faced by Indigenous peoples, as well as structural issues within the current criminal justice system itself. These issues include over-policing, ineffective representation in court, inadequate application of bail, and over-sentencing, which are all indications of systemic racism. While these issues affect Indigenous peoples broadly, there are specific implications for Indigenous women and youth.

Recently,^[when?] Indigenous and federal governments have come together to address this systemic issue and improve the equity of outcomes for Indigenous peoples within the Canadian criminal justice system.^[how?]