The Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese: 中国科学院水生生物研究所) is a research institute located in Wuhan, Hubei, China. It was founded in 1950 and specializes in freshwater organisms. It is involved in the study of the finless porpoise and the now extinct baiji dolphin. China Zebrafish Resource Center is housed in the institute campus.
IHB is one of the oldest institutes for aquatic sciences in China, has made contributions to the advancement of aquatic sciences in China and globally.