Interleukin 18

IL18
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesIL18, IGIF, IL-18, IL-1g, IL1F4, interleukin 18
External IDsOMIM: 600953; MGI: 107936; HomoloGene: 1200; GeneCards: IL18; OMA:IL18 - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001243211
NM_001562
NM_001386420

NM_008360
NM_001357221
NM_001357222

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001230140
NP_001553
NP_001230140.1

NP_032386
NP_001344150
NP_001344151

Location (UCSC)Chr 11: 112.14 – 112.16 MbChr 9: 50.47 – 50.49 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Interleukin-18 (IL-18), also known as interferon-gamma inducing factor is a protein which in humans is encoded by the IL18 gene.[5][6] The protein encoded by this gene is a proinflammatory cytokine. Many cell types, both hematopoietic cells and non-hematopoietic cells, have the potential to produce IL-18. It was first described in 1989 as a factor that induced interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production in mouse spleen cells.[7] Originally, IL-18 production was recognized in Kupffer cells, and liver-resident macrophages. However, IL-18 is constitutively expressed in non-hematopoietic cells, such as intestinal epithelial cells, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells.[8] IL-18 can modulate both innate and adaptive immunity and its dysregulation can cause autoimmune or inflammatory diseases.[9][10]

  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000150782Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000039217Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Okamura H, Tsutsi H, Komatsu T, Yutsudo M, Hakura A, Tanimoto T, et al. (November 1995). "Cloning of a new cytokine that induces IFN-gamma production by T cells". Nature. 378 (6552): 88–91. Bibcode:1995Natur.378...88O. doi:10.1038/378088a0. PMID 7477296. S2CID 4323405.
  6. ^ Nolan KF, Greaves DR, Waldmann H (July 1998). "The human interleukin 18 gene IL18 maps to 11q22.2-q22.3, closely linked to the DRD2 gene locus and distinct from mapped IDDM loci". Genomics. 51 (1): 161–3. doi:10.1006/geno.1998.5336. PMID 9693051.
  7. ^ Nakamura K, Okamura H, Wada M, Nagata K, Tamura T (February 1989). "Endotoxin-induced serum factor that stimulates gamma interferon production". Infection and Immunity. 57 (2): 590–5. doi:10.1128/IAI.57.2.590-595.1989. PMC 313137. PMID 2492265.
  8. ^ Yasuda K, Nakanishi K, Tsutsui H (February 2019). "Interleukin-18 in Health and Disease". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 20 (3): 649. doi:10.3390/ijms20030649. PMC 6387150. PMID 30717382.
  9. ^ Baker KJ, Houston A, Brint E (2019). "IL-1 Family Members in Cancer; Two Sides to Every Story". Frontiers in Immunology. 10: 1197. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01197. PMC 6567883. PMID 31231372.
  10. ^ Fabbi M, Carbotti G, Ferrini S (April 2015). "Context-dependent role of IL-18 in cancer biology and counter-regulation by IL-18BP". Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 97 (4): 665–75. doi:10.1189/jlb.5RU0714-360RR. PMID 25548255. S2CID 25636657.