Interleukin 20

IL20
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesIL20, IL-20, IL10D, ZCYTO10, Interleukin 20
External IDsOMIM: 605619; MGI: 1890473; HomoloGene: 10286; GeneCards: IL20; OMA:IL20 - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

50604

58181

Ensembl

ENSG00000162891

ENSMUSG00000026416

UniProt

Q9NYY1

Q9JKV9

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_018724

NM_021380
NM_001311091

RefSeq (protein)

NP_061194

NP_001298020
NP_067355

Location (UCSC)Chr 1: 206.87 – 206.87 MbChr 1: 130.83 – 130.84 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Interleukin 20 (IL20) is a protein that is in humans encoded by the IL20 gene which is located in close proximity to the IL-10 gene on the 1q32 chromosome.[5][6] IL-20 is a part of an IL-20 subfamily which is a part of a larger IL-10 family.[5]

IL-20 subfamily also includes other cytokines, including IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24, and IL-26.[5] Members of the cytokine IL-20 subfamily form an important link between the immune system and epithelial tissues due to the fact that receptors for these cytokines are highly expressed on epithelial cells and are almost exclusively produced by cells of the immune system.[7]

IL-20 requires an IL-β-subunit receptor (IL-20RB) for signaling, which can form a functional heterodimeric receptor with either the α-subunit of the IL-20 receptor (IL-20RA) or the α1-subunit of the IL-22 receptor (IL-22RA1). Both of these receptor variants allow efficient IL-20 signaling.[5] Receptors for IL-20 are expressed in the skin, lungs, ovary, testes, and placenta.[5] IL-20 is mainly produced by myeloid cells such as monocytes, granulocytes, and dendritic cells but can also be produced by keratinocytes and fibroblasts.[5] The expression of IL-20 is stimulated by IL-1β, IL-17, IL-22, TNF, and LPS.[5] The main cellular targets of IL-20 are keratinocytes, endothelial cells, and adipocytes.[8] IL-20 has been shown to transduce its signal through signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in keratinocytes.[9]

  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000162891 – Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000026416 – Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g Rutz S, Wang X, Ouyang W (December 2014). "The IL-20 subfamily of cytokines--from host defence to tissue homeostasis". Nature Reviews. Immunology. 14 (12): 783–795. doi:10.1038/nri3766. PMID 25421700. S2CID 29114703.
  6. ^ Kontogiorgis CA, Hadjipavlou-Litina DJ (January 2002). "Non steroidal anti-inflammatory and anti-allergy agents". Current Medicinal Chemistry. 9 (1): 89–98. doi:10.2174/187152306778017683. PMID 11860351.
  7. ^ Ouyang W, Rutz S, Crellin NK, Valdez PA, Hymowitz SG (2011-04-23). "Regulation and functions of the IL-10 family of cytokines in inflammation and disease". Annual Review of Immunology. 29 (1): 71–109. doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-031210-101312. PMID 21166540.
  8. ^ Sa SM, Valdez PA, Wu J, Jung K, Zhong F, Hall L, et al. (February 2007). "The effects of IL-20 subfamily cytokines on reconstituted human epidermis suggest potential roles in cutaneous innate defense and pathogenic adaptive immunity in psoriasis". Journal of Immunology. 178 (4): 2229–2240. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.178.4.2229. PMID 17277128. S2CID 1870754.
  9. ^ "Entrez Gene: Interleukin 20".