International Juridical Association

International Juridical Association (IJA)
Predecessor	International Labor Defense, International Red Aid
Successor	National Lawyers Guild
Formation	1931
Founder	Carol Weiss King
Founded at	New York City
Dissolved	December 1942
Headquarters	New York City
Location	100 Fifth Avenue;
Coordinates	40°44′14″N 73°59′35″W / 40.737222°N 73.993143°W
Services	Legal
Official language	English
Executive Director	Isadore Polier
Secretary	Carol Weiss King
Board of directors	Carol Weiss King, Osmond K. Fraenkel, Joseph Brodsky, Roy Wilkins, Paul F. Brissenden, Jerome Frank, Karl Llewelyn, Charles Erskine Scott Wood, Floyd Dell, Yetta Land
Key people	Joseph Kovner, editor
Main organ	International Juridical Association Bulletin
Parent organization	International Juridical Association (Germany)
Website	lccn.loc.gov/75644638

The International Juridical Association (IJA; 1931–1942) was an association of socially minded American lawyers, established by Carol Weiss King^[1] and considered by the U.S. federal government (in the form of the U.S. House Un-American Activities Committee or HUAC) as "another early (communist) front for lawyers. The principal concern about the IJA (and, as of 1942, its successor group, the National Lawyers Guild or NLG) was that it "constituted itself an agent of a foreign principal hostile to the interests of the United States."^[2]^[3]^[4]

^ "Carol Weiss King". Jewish Women: A Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia. Retrieved 27 December 2010.
^ The National Lawyers Guild: Legal Bulwark of the Communist Party. U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO). 21 September 1950. pp. 1 (foreign agent), 12–13 (IJA), 17 (members Fraenkel, McCabe). Retrieved 1 December 2016.
^ Communist Legal Subversion: The Role of the Communist Lawyer. U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO). 16 February 1959. pp. 29 (Anderson), 46 (Isserman), 72 (Witt). Retrieved 1 December 2016.
^ Ginger, Ann Fagan (1993). Carol Weiss King, human rights lawyer, 1895-1952. Boulder: University Press of Colorado. pp. 114 (trip), 115–16 (Shapiro), 117 (Apfel), 119–120 (establishment, mission), 120 (new offices, officers), 120–121 (Orphan Jones, August Yokinen), 121–122 (Scottsboro), 123–124 (early members), 124 (human rights), 136–137 (Angelo Herndon), 137 (1932 CPUSA presidential ticket), 138–139 (anti-deportation), 141–145 (Hunger March), 146–169 (bulletin) 150 (Apfel's arrest), 158–159 (Isserman), 159–160 (little cases), 167 (Justine Wise Polier), 177–181 (Angelo Herndon brief and support), 189 (Georgi Dimitrov [as "Dimitroff"]), 191 (Kurt Rosenfeld), 230 (Memorial Day massacre of 1937), 233–234 (Max Krauthamar), 304–305 (Bata), 386–387 (victories). ISBN 0-87081-285-8. LCCN 92040157.

[JWA-1] "Carol Weiss King". Jewish Women: A Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia. Retrieved 27 December 2010.

[1950NLG-2] The National Lawyers Guild: Legal Bulwark of the Communist Party. U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO). 21 September 1950. pp. 1 (foreign agent), 12–13 (IJA), 17 (members Fraenkel, McCabe). Retrieved 1 December 2016.

[1959legal-3] Communist Legal Subversion: The Role of the Communist Lawyer. U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO). 16 February 1959. pp. 29 (Anderson), 46 (Isserman), 72 (Witt). Retrieved 1 December 2016.

[ginger-4] Ginger, Ann Fagan (1993). Carol Weiss King, human rights lawyer, 1895-1952. Boulder: University Press of Colorado. pp. 114 (trip), 115–16 (Shapiro), 117 (Apfel), 119–120 (establishment, mission), 120 (new offices, officers), 120–121 (Orphan Jones, August Yokinen), 121–122 (Scottsboro), 123–124 (early members), 124 (human rights), 136–137 (Angelo Herndon), 137 (1932 CPUSA presidential ticket), 138–139 (anti-deportation), 141–145 (Hunger March), 146–169 (bulletin) 150 (Apfel's arrest), 158–159 (Isserman), 159–160 (little cases), 167 (Justine Wise Polier), 177–181 (Angelo Herndon brief and support), 189 (Georgi Dimitrov [as "Dimitroff"]), 191 (Kurt Rosenfeld), 230 (Memorial Day massacre of 1937), 233–234 (Max Krauthamar), 304–305 (Bata), 386–387 (victories). ISBN 0-87081-285-8. LCCN 92040157.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]