Iris savannarum

Iris savannarum
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Iridaceae
Genus: Iris
Subgenus: Iris subg. Limniris
Section: Iris sect. Limniris
Series: Iris ser. Hexagonae
Species:
I. savannarum
Binomial name
Iris savannarum
Synonyms[1]
  • Iris albispiritus Small
  • Iris hexagona var. savannarum (Small) R.C.Foster
  • Iris kimballiae Small
  • Iris rivularis Small
  • Iris savannarum var. kimballiae (Small) D.B.Ward

Iris savannarum is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Limniris and the series Hexagonae. It is a rhizomatous perennial.

It has the common name of prairie iris.[2][3][4][5]

It was published by Small in Addisonia (Colored Illustrations and Popular Descriptions of Plants. New York, NY) in 1925.[6][7]

It was later classified by various Iris authors (including R. C. Foster, 'Contributor to Gray Herberium'. 119: 3–82. 1937) as a variety of Iris hexagona, and called Iris hexagona var. savannarum.[8] It was listed in 'The Iridaceae of North America database' (version 2010) and 'The PLANTS Database' (in 1996 and 2000), as 'Iris hexagona var. savannarum'[9] and in the 'Guide to the Vascular Plants of Central Florida'.[10]

In 2002, Henderson re-classified both of Small's species Iris giganticaerulea (located in coastal Alabama to Louisiana) and Iris savannarum (located in Alabama, Georgia, and Florida) as distinct species. Iris hexagona then was left to populations in South Carolina and a few regions in northern Florida.[11][12] This was agreed upon and expanded on by Daniel Ward in 2011 (from the University of Florida), who linked Iris kimballiae as a variant of Iris savannarum.[4] It was later classified as a synonym of Iris savannarum.[1]

As most irises are diploid, having two sets of chromosomes. This can be used to identify hybrids and classification of groupings.[13] It has a chromosome count: 2n=44.[3]

Iris savannarum and several other ornamental plants were evaluated for their potential use as accumulator plants for treating arsenic (As) contaminated soils. It was found that the iris dry weight increased with increasing solution concentrations but As did not accumulate in the plant tissue. As the iris can be harvested multiple times a year, it is a good choice for phytostabilisation.[14]

It is listed on The National Wetland Plant List (NWPL), which was updated in 2013. It is found in Atlantic Gulf Coastal Plains (AGCP) and Eastern Mountains and Piedmont (EMP).[15]

Specimens can be found at the Biodiversity Institute of Ontario Herbarium.[16]

Iris savannarum has been hybridized with Iris fulva to produce Iris × cacique.[3]

  1. ^ a b "Iris savannarum Small is an accepted name". theplantlist.org. 23 March 2013. Retrieved 26 November 2014.
  2. ^ Robert Wildermuth, David P. Powell Soil survey, Sarasota County, Florida, p. 6, at Google Books
  3. ^ a b c "31. Iris savannarum Small, Addisonia. 9: 57, plate 317. 1925". efloras.org. Retrieved 28 November 2014.
  4. ^ a b Ward, Daniel B. (August 2011). "KEYS TO THE FLORA OF FLORIDA – 28, IRIS (IRIDACEAE)" (PDF). Phytologia. Department of Botany, University of Florida: 231–240. Retrieved 28 November 2014.
  5. ^ "Gaura angustifolia thru Iris savannarum". susanleachsnyder.com. Retrieved 1 December 2014.
  6. ^ "Iridaceae Iris savannarum Small". ipni.org (International Plant Names Index). Retrieved 28 November 2014.
  7. ^ Franco, Alain (1 December 2013). "(SPEC) Iris savannarum Small". wiki.irises.org (American Iris Society). Retrieved 28 November 2014.
  8. ^ "Iridaceae Iris hexagona var. savannarum ( Small ) R.C.Foster". ipni.org. Retrieved 29 November 2014.
  9. ^ "Iris savannarum Small". itis.gov (Integrated Taxonomic Information System). Archived from the original on 23 January 2010. Retrieved 28 November 2014.
  10. ^ Richard P. Wunderlin to the Vascular Plants of Central Florida&pg=PA142 TS_Jq7Xqg2wC, p. 142, at Google Books
  11. ^ Henderson, N.C. (2002). "Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. Flora of North America north of Mexico". 26 (Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales). Oxford University Press, New York: 382–395. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  12. ^ Meerow, Alan W.; Gideon, Michael; Kuhn, David N.; Mopper, Susan; Nakamura, Kyoko (2011). "The Genetic Mosaic ofIrisSeries Hexagonaein Florida: Inferences on the Holocene History of the Louisiana Irises and Anthropogenic Effects on Their Distribution". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 172 (8): 1026–1052. doi:10.1086/661295. S2CID 84126141. Retrieved 29 November 2014.
  13. ^ Austin, Claire (2005). Irises: A Gardener's Encyclopedia. Timber Press, Incorporated. ISBN 978-0881927306. OL 8176432M.
  14. ^ Reed, Stewart T.; Ayala-Silva, Tomas; Dunn, Christopher B.; Gordon, Garry G.; Meerow, Alan (15 September 2013). "Screening Ornamentals for Their Potential as As Accumulator Plants". Journal of Agricultural Science. 5 (10). ccsenet.org (Canadian Center of Science and Education) (published 12 August 2013). doi:10.5539/jas.v5n10p20. Retrieved 28 November 2014.
  15. ^ "Overview of changes to the NWPL from 2012 to 2013" (PDF). nww.usace.army.mil. Retrieved 28 November 2014.
  16. ^ "Welcome to: OAC HERBARIUM". uoguelph.ca. Retrieved 1 December 2014.