| Total population | |
|---|---|
| c. 240 million[1] (42%) | |
| Religions | |
| Islam | |
| Languages | |
Liturgical
CommonIndonesian, Javanese, Sundanese, Malay, Tausug, Maguindanao, Maranao, Yakan, Bajau, Melanau, Madurese, Minangkabau, Betawi, Buginese, Banjarese, Acehnese, Sasak, Rohingya, Cham, and other languages of Southeast Asia |
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Islam is the most widely practised religion in Southeast Asia with approximately 240 million adherents in the region (about 42% of its population), with majorities in Brunei, Indonesia and Malaysia as well as parts of Southern Thailand and parts of Mindanao in the Philippines respectively.[3] Significant minorities are located in the other Southeast Asian states. Most Muslims in Southeast Asia are Sunni and follow the Shafi'i school of fiqh, or religious law.[4] It is the official religion in Malaysia and Brunei while it is one of the six recognised faiths in Indonesia.
Islam in Southeast Asia is heterogeneous and is manifested in many different ways. In some places in Southeast Asia, Islam is adapted to coexist syncretically with already-existent local traditions.[5] Mysticism is a defining characteristic of Islam in Southeast Asia, with Sufism having a large regional following. Mystic forms of Islam fit in well with already established traditions.[5] The adaptation of Islam to local traditions is seen as a positive thing by Muslims in Southeast Asia.[6] Islam is part of everyday life for adherents in Southeast Asia and is not separated from "non-religious realms".[7] Southeast Asia is the global region with the highest number of Muslims in the world, surpassing the Middle East and North Africa.[5][8] Islam in Southeast Asia is neglected in Western study of Islam which centers around the Middle East.[9][10]
Southeast Asian identity varies by regions that include Brunei, Cambodia, East Timor, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. The heterogeneous nature of Southeast Asia combined with the widely varying practices and meanings of Islam suggests Islam in Southeast Asia has a multitude of variations in practice and belief. Islam in Southeast Asia has been adapted into varying local norms across Southeast Asia. The Abangan are the dominant group of Muslims in Indonesia.[9] The practices of the Abangan are heavily influenced by mysticism and embody a unique form of Islamic practice that incorporates rituals inherited from their pre-Islamic ancestors.[9]
- ^ Yusuf, Imtiyaz. "The Middle East and Muslim Southeast Asia: Implications of the Arab Spring". Oxford Islamic Studies. Archived from the original on 19 February 2013.
- ^ Al-Jallad, Ahmad (30 May 2011). "Polygenesis in the Arabic Dialects". Encyclopedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics. BRILL. doi:10.1163/1570-6699_eall_EALL_SIM_000030. ISBN 978-90-04-17702-4.
- ^ Yusuf, Imtiyaz. "The Middle East and Muslim Southeast Asia: Implications of the Arab Spring". Oxford Islamic Studies. Archived from the original on 19 February 2013.
- ^ Yusuf, Imtiyaz. "The Middle East and Muslim Southeast Asia: Implications of the Arab Spring". Oxford Islamic Studies Online. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 19 February 2013. Retrieved 14 September 2016.
- ^ a b c "Southeast Asia and Islam". The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 588, Islam: Enduring Myths and Changing Realities (Jul., 2003), pp. 149-170.
- ^ Fealy, Greg; Hooker, Virginia (2006). Voices of Islam in Southeast Asia : a contemporary sourcebook. Singapore: ISEAS Publications. p. 411.
- ^ Hooker, M.B. Islam in South-East Asia. Leiden ; New York : E.J. Brill.
- ^ "Muslims". Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project. 18 December 2012. Retrieved 13 October 2016.
- ^ a b c Denny, Fredrick Mathewson (1987). Islam. San Francisco: Harper & Row. pp. 6.
- ^ Taylor, Jean Gelman Taylor (2003). Indonesia: Peoples and History. New Haven: Yale. pp. 66.