Islands Voyage

Islands Voyage
Part of the Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604) and the Eighty Years' War
DateJune – August 1597
Location
Plymouth, Atlantic Ocean, Bay of Biscay, Cantabrian Sea, Ferrol and Azores Islands
Result Spanish victory[1][2]
Belligerents
 England
Dutch Republic United Provinces		  Spain
Portugal Portugal
Commanders and leaders
Kingdom of England Robert Devereux
Kingdom of England Thomas Howard
Kingdom of England Walter Raleigh
Dutch Republic Jacob Duivenvoorde		 Spain Martín de Padilla
Spain Alonso de Bazán
Spain Juan de Garibay
Strength
120–150 ships[1][3][4]
17,000 to 20,000 men
(6,000 soldiers)[3]		 Unknown
Casualties and losses
High[2][5] Low[2][6]

The Islands Voyage, also known as the Essex-Raleigh Expedition, was an ambitious, but unsuccessful naval campaign sent by Queen Elizabeth I of England, and supported by the United Provinces, against the Spanish Empire and Portuguese Empire of Philip II from the House of Habsburg during the Anglo–Spanish War (1585–1604) and the Eighty Years' War.[1][7]

  1. ^ a b c Whittemore p. 167
  2. ^ a b c "The Islands Voyage 1597". Archived from the original on 12 August 2020. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
  3. ^ a b Heywood p. 198
  4. ^ Jowitt p.120
  5. ^ Hank Whittemore p. 167
  6. ^ Wagner p. 645–646
  7. ^ Edwards p. 233