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Names | |||
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Preferred IUPAC name
2-Methylpropane[1] | |||
Other names
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Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol)
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1730720 | |||
ChEBI | |||
ChemSpider | |||
ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.780 | ||
EC Number |
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E number | E943b (glazing agents, ...) | ||
1301 | |||
KEGG | |||
PubChem CID
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RTECS number |
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UNII | |||
UN number | 1969 | ||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Properties | |||
C4H10 | |||
Molar mass | 58.124 g·mol−1 | ||
Appearance | Colorless gas | ||
Odor | Odorless | ||
Density |
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Melting point | −159.42 °C (−254.96 °F; 113.73 K)[4] | ||
Boiling point | −11.7 °C (10.9 °F; 261.4 K)[4] | ||
48.9 mg⋅L−1 (at 25 °C (77 °F))[2] | |||
Vapor pressure | 3.1 atm (310 kPa) (at 21 °C (294 K; 70 °F))[3] | ||
Henry's law
constant (kH) |
8.6 nmol⋅Pa−1⋅kg−1 | ||
Conjugate acid | Isobutanium | ||
−51.7·10−6 cm3/mol | |||
Thermochemistry | |||
Heat capacity (C)
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96.65 J⋅K−1⋅mol−1 | ||
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−134.8 – −133.6 kJ⋅mol−1 | ||
Std enthalpy of
combustion (ΔcH⦵298) |
−2.86959 – −2.86841 MJ⋅mol−1 | ||
Hazards | |||
GHS labelling: | |||
Danger | |||
H220 | |||
P210 | |||
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
Flash point | −83 °C (−117 °F; 190 K) | ||
460 °C (860 °F; 733 K) | |||
Explosive limits | 1.4–8.3% | ||
NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |||
PEL (Permissible)
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None[5] | ||
REL (Recommended)
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TWA 800 ppm (1900 mg/m3)[5] | ||
IDLH (Immediate danger)
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N.D.[5] | ||
Safety data sheet (SDS) | lindeus.com | ||
Related compounds | |||
Related alkane
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Isopentane | ||
Supplementary data page | |||
Isobutane (data page) | |||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Isobutane, also known as i-butane, 2-methylpropane or methylpropane, is a chemical compound with molecular formula HC(CH3)3. It is an isomer of butane. Isobutane is a colorless, odorless gas. It is the simplest alkane with a tertiary carbon atom. Isobutane is used as a precursor molecule in the petrochemical industry, for example in the synthesis of isooctane.[6]
The names 'isobutane', 'isopentane', and 'neopentane' are no longer recommended.