Italian Ethiopia Etiopia italiana የኢጣልያ መንግሥት | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1936–1941 | |||||||||
_crowned.svg) Flag | |||||||||
.svg) Map of Italian East Africa after Italy's annexation of Ethiopia. | |||||||||
| Status | Part of Italian East Africa | ||||||||
| Capital | Addis Ababa | ||||||||
| Official languages | Italian | ||||||||
| Common languages | Amharic, Afan Oromo, Somali, Tigrinya | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
| 9 May 1936 | |||||||||
• Declared part of Italian East Africa | 1 June 1936 | ||||||||
| 19 February 1937 | |||||||||
| 27 November 1941 | |||||||||
| Currency | Italian East African lira | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of | Ethiopia, Somalia | ||||||||
Italian Ethiopia (Italian: Etiopia italiana), also known as the Italian Empire of Ethiopia,[1] was the territory of the Ethiopian Empire, which Italy occupied for approximately five years.[2] Italian Ethiopia was not an administrative entity, but the formal name of the former territory of the Ethiopian Empire, which now constituted the Governorates of Amhara, Harar, Galla-Sidamo, and Scioa after the establishment of Italian East Africa (Africa Orientale Italiana, AOI).[3]
After the Second Italo-Ethiopian War, in which Fascist Italy occupied Ethiopia, the Ethiopian territories were proclaimed by Benito Mussolini as part of Italian East Africa (AOI) in 1936, with the capital of the AOI being established in Addis Ababa[4] and King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy proclaiming himself Emperor of Ethiopia. Fighting between Ethiopian forces and the Italian military continued until February 1937, and subsequent guerrilla resistance against Italy persisted until 1939.[5][6]
In 1941, during World War II, Ethiopia was liberated from Italian control by Allied forces in the East African campaign, but an Italian guerrilla war continued until 1943. Ethiopia was placed under a British military administration, while Emperor Haile Selassie returned and reclaimed the Ethiopian throne. The Anglo-Ethiopian Agreement, signed in 1942, confirmed Ethiopia's status as a sovereign state, although some regions of Ethiopia were temporarily placed under British control. In December 1944, a new agreement led to the restoration of full sovereignty to Ethiopia, although the British continued to control the Ogaden until 1955.[7][8] Under the peace treaty of 1947, Italy recognized the sovereignty and independence of Ethiopia and renounced all claims to special interests or influence in that country.[9] Many Italian settlers remained for decades after receiving full pardon from Emperor Selassie.[10][11][better source needed]
- ^ "Fascismo: guerra d'Etiopia". www.storiaxxisecolo.it.
- ^ Pasquale Villani, L'età contemporanea (Italian), il Mulino, Bologna, 1983, 1993, ISBN 88-15-02704-1, p. 446.
- ^ Conte, Alessio (8 January 2017). "Nasce l'Impero: l'Etiopia italiana".
- ^ "Dadfeatured: ITALIAN ADDIS ABEBA". 11 December 2018.
- ^ Anthony, Mockler (2003). Haile Selassie's War. New York: Olive Branch Press. pp. 172–173. ISBN 978-1-56656-473-1.
- ^ Barker 1968, p. 281, 300.
- ^ Shinn, David H.; Ofcansky, Thomas P. (11 April 2013). Historical Dictionary of Ethiopia. Scarecrow Press. pp. 309–. ISBN 978-0-8108-7457-2.
- ^ Clapham,"Ḫaylä Ś�llase", Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, p. 1063.
- ^ "Treaty of Peace with Italy" (PDF). Library of Congress.
- ^ cfr. Angelo del Boca, op cit., p. 201
- ^ "Hailè Selassiè - Amare ODV Onlus". www.amareonlus.com.