(James) Dalrymple Duncan of Woodhead FRSE FSA (7 July 1852 – 8 February 1908), his birth name, was a Scottish lawyer, landowner and antiquarian. He assumed Dalrymple as a surname on the death of his uncle James Dalrymple of Woodhead;[1] and was granted arms by the Lyon Court as Dalrymple in 1902.[2]
He was a keen amateur chemist, elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. He was a Fellow of both the Society of Antiquaries of London and Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. In 1907 he was founder of the Dalrymple Lecture in Archaeology.[3]