James Baker

James Baker
Official portrait, 1989
10th and 16th White House Chief of Staff
In office August 24, 1992 – January 20, 1993
President	George H. W. Bush
Deputy	Robert Zoellick
Preceded by	Samuel K. Skinner
Succeeded by	Mack McLarty
In office January 20, 1981 – February 3, 1985
President	Ronald Reagan
Deputy	Michael Deaver
Preceded by	Jack Watson
Succeeded by	Donald Regan
61st United States Secretary of State
In office January 25, 1989 – August 23, 1992
President	George H. W. Bush
Deputy	Lawrence Eagleburger
Preceded by	George Shultz
Succeeded by	Lawrence Eagleburger
67th United States Secretary of the Treasury
In office February 4, 1985 – August 17, 1988
President	Ronald Reagan
Deputy	Richard G. Darman M. Peter McPherson
Preceded by	Donald Regan
Succeeded by	Nicholas F. Brady
United States Under Secretary of Commerce
In office August 2, 1975 – May 7, 1976
President	Gerald Ford
Preceded by	John Tabor
Succeeded by	Edward Vetter
Personal details
Born	James Addison Baker III (1930-04-28) April 28, 1930 (age 94) Houston, Texas, U.S.
Political party	Republican (since 1970)
Other political affiliations	Democratic (before 1970)
Spouses	Mary Stuart McHenry ​ ​ (m. 1953; died 1970)​ Susan Garrett ​ (m. 1973)​
Children	5
Relatives	Rosebud Baker (granddaughter)
Education	Princeton University (BA) University of Texas at Austin (LLB)
Signature
Military service
Allegiance	United States
Branch/service	United States Marine Corps
Years of service	1952–1954 (active) 1954–1958 (reserve)
Rank	Captain

James Addison Baker III^{[note 1]} (born April 28, 1930)^[1] is an American attorney, diplomat and statesman. A member of the Republican Party, he served as the 10th White House chief of staff and 67th United States secretary of the treasury under President Ronald Reagan and the 61st U.S. secretary of state before returning as the 16th White House chief of staff under President George H. W. Bush.

Born in Houston, Baker attended the Hill School and Princeton University before serving in the United States Marine Corps. After graduating from the University of Texas School of Law, he pursued a legal career. He became a close friend of George H. W. Bush and worked for Bush's unsuccessful 1970 campaign for the United States Senate. After the campaign, he served in various positions for President Richard Nixon. In 1975, he was appointed Under Secretary of Commerce for Gerald Ford. He served until May 1976, ran Ford's 1976 presidential campaign, and unsuccessfully sought election as the Attorney General of Texas.

Baker ran Bush's unsuccessful campaign for the 1980 Republican presidential nomination, but made a favorable impression on the Republican nominee, Ronald Reagan. Reagan appointed Baker as his White House chief of staff, and Baker remained in that position until 1985, when he became the secretary of the Treasury. As treasury secretary, he arranged the Plaza Accord and the Baker Plan. He resigned as treasury secretary to manage Bush's successful 1988 campaign for president. After the election, Bush appointed Baker to the position of secretary of state. As secretary of state, he helped oversee U.S. foreign policy during the end of the Cold War and dissolution of the Soviet Union, as well as during the Gulf War. After the Gulf War, Baker served another stint as White House chief of staff from 1992 to 1993.

Baker remained active in business and public affairs after Bush's defeat in the 1992 presidential election. He served as a United Nations envoy to Western Sahara and as a consultant to Enron. During the Florida recount following the 2000 presidential election, he managed George W. Bush's legal team in the state. He served as the co-chairman of the Iraq Study Group, which Congress formed in 2006 to study Iraq and the ongoing Iraq War. He serves on the World Justice Project and the Climate Leadership Council. Baker is the namesake of the James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy at Rice University.^[2] Since the death of Henry Kissinger in 2023, he is currently the oldest living former United States secretary of state, as well as the earliest serving.

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