James Erskine Wemyss (9 July 1789 – 3 April 1854) was a Scottish MP and Rear-Admiral.
He was the son of William Wemyss by his wife Frances, daughter of Sir William Erskine, 1st Baronet. In 1820 he succeeded his father as Member of Parliament for Fife, sitting until 1831. He represented the county again from 1832 to 1847.
By his wife Lady Emma, daughter of William Hay, 17th Earl of Erroll, he was father of James Hay Erskine Wemyss, also later MP for Fife.