Jana Gana Mana

This article is about the national anthem of India. For other uses, see Jana Gana Mana (disambiguation).

Jana Gana Mana
English: Thou Art the Ruler of the Minds of All People
Sheet music for "Jana Gana Mana"
National anthem of  India
LyricsRabindranath Tagore,
11 December 1911
MusicRabindranath Tagore,
11 December 1911
Adopted24 January 1950; 74 years ago (1950-01-24)
Audio sample
Instrumental version of Jana Gana Mana played by the US Navy (c. 1983)
Rabindranath Tagore, the author and composer of the national anthems of India and Bangladesh
Rabindranath Tagore reciting "Jana Gana Mana"

Jana Gana Mana (lit. '[Ruler of] the minds of the people') is the national anthem of the Republic of India. It was originally composed as "Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata" in Bengali by polymath Rabindranath Tagore[1][2] on 11 December 1911.[3][4][5] The first stanza of the song Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India as the National Anthem on 24 January 1950.[6][7][8] A formal rendition of the national anthem takes approximately 52 seconds. A shortened version consisting of the first and last lines (and taking about 20 seconds to play) is also staged occasionally.[9] It was first publicly sung on 27 December 1911 at the Calcutta (present-day Kolkata) Session of the Indian National Congress.[10]

  1. ^ "National anthem of India: a brief on 'Jana Gana Mana'". www.news18.com. 14 August 2012. Archived from the original on 18 August 2017. Quote: "Though written in Bengali, the language used was sadhu Bengali or tatsama Bengali which is heavily influenced by Sanskrit. Many of the words exist with the same meaning in different Indian languages and thus, all Indian people understand the words and meaning of the national anthem"
  2. ^ "National anthem of India: a brief on 'Jana Gana Mana'". News18 India. 14 August 2012. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 6 September 2020.
  3. ^ Rabindranath Tagore (2004). The English Writings of Rabindranath Tagore: Poems. Sahitya Akademi. pp. 32–. ISBN 978-81-260-1295-4. Archived from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 7 July 2019.
  4. ^ Edgar Thorpe, Showick Thorpe. The Pearson CSAT Manual 2011. Pearson Education India. pp. 56–. ISBN 978-81-317-5830-4. Archived from the original on 14 August 2021. Retrieved 7 July 2019.
  5. ^ "BBC News - Does India's national anthem extol the British?". BBC News. 9 July 2015. Archived from the original on 12 April 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  6. ^ "STATEMENT RE: NATIONAL ANTHEM". loksabha.nic.in. Lok Sabha. 24 January 1950. Retrieved 20 August 2023. The composition consisting of the words and music known as Jana Gana Mana is the National Anthem of India, subject to such alterations in the words as the Government may authorise as occasion arises
  7. ^ "CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY OF INDIA, the 24th January 1950" (PDF). eparlib.nic.in. Parliament Digital Library. 24 January 1950. Retrieved 20 August 2023.
  8. ^ "ORDERS RELATING TO THE NATIONAL ANTHEM OF INDIA" (PDF). mha.gov.in. Ministry of Home Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 March 2023. Retrieved 22 August 2023. The composition consisting of the words and music of the first stanza of the late poet Rabindra Nath Tagore's song known as "Jana Gana Mana" is the National Anthem of India
  9. ^ "National Anthem- National Identity Elements of India - Know India: National Portal of India". knowindia.gov.in (in Hindi). Archived from the original on 15 January 2013. Retrieved 11 April 2017.
  10. ^ Chowdhury, Arunangsu Roy. "100 years since 'Jana Gana Mana' was born". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 11 April 2017.