People's Liberation Front ජනතා විමුක්ති පෙරමුණ மக்கள் விடுதலை முன்னணி | |
|---|---|
| Abbreviation | PLF (English) ජවිපෙ (JVP) (Sinhala) |
| Leader | Anura Kumara Dissanayake |
| General Secretary | Tilvin Silva |
| Founder | Rohana Wijeweera |
| Founded | 14 May 1965 |
| Split from | Ceylon Communist Party–Peking Wing |
| Preceded by | New Left Movement |
| Headquarters | 464/20 Pannipitiya Road, Pelawatta, Battaramulla, Sri Lanka |
| Newspaper |
|
| Student wing | Socialist Students Union |
| Youth wing | Socialist Youth Union |
| Women's wing | Socialist Women's Union |
| Relief Service Force | රතු තරුව (Red Star) |
| Membership | 200,000–300,000[1](1983) 2,500,000 (2024) |
| Ideology | |
| Political position | Left-wing[10] to far-left[11] Historical: Far-left |
| National affiliation | National People's Power[12] |
| International affiliation | ICS (defunct) |
| Colors | Red |
| Anthem | අන්තර්ජාතිකය (Sinhala) சர்வதேசம் (Tamil) "The Internationale"[13] |
| Parliament of Sri Lanka | 159 / 225 |
| Sri Lankan Provincial Councils | 15 / 455 |
| Local Government | 436 / 8,356 |
| Election symbol | |
Bell | |
| Party flag | |
 | |
| Website | |
| www | |
| Part of a series on |
| Communist parties |
|---|
The Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna[a] (JVP; lit. 'People's Liberation Front', PLF) is a leftist political party in Sri Lanka.[14] The party was formerly a revolutionary movement and was involved in two armed uprisings against the government of Sri Lanka: once in 1971 (SLFP), and another in 1987–1989 (UNP). The motive for both uprisings was to establish a socialist state.[15] Since then the JVP has entered mainstream democratic politics and has updated its ideology, abandoning some of its original Marxist policies such as the abolition of private property,[16] and moderating its rhetoric.[17] The JVP has been led by President Anura Kumara Dissanayake since 2014.
The JVP was initially a small organisation that became a well-organised party that could influence mainstream politics. Its members openly campaigned for the left-wing coalition government of the SLFP-led United Front; however, following their disillusion with the coalition, they began an insurrection against the Dominion of Ceylon in early 1971, which intensified following the ban on the party. The JVP's military wing, the Red Guard, captured over 76 police strongholds throughout the island of Ceylon.[b]
The JVP entered democratic politics in 1977 when President J. R. Jayewardene released JVP leader Rohana Wijeweera from prison. Wijeweera contested in the 1982 presidential elections and was the third most successful candidate, winning 4.16% of the votes cast. Before the elections, he had been convicted by the Criminal Justice Commission (CJC) for conspiring to overthrow the state violently. The JVP launched a more organized insurrection for the second time in 1987 after the signing of the Indo-Sri Lanka Accord.
Following Operation Combine and Wijeweera's death, the JVP returned to elections as the National Salvation Front. The surviving JVP members campaigned in the 1994 elections, but eventually withdrew and supported the nationalist Sri Lanka Freedom Party, the main opposition party at the time. In 2004, it joined the government as a part of the United People's Freedom Alliance and supported the government in its war against the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), but subsequently left the coalition government.
Since 2019, the JVP has contested elections under its own national coalition, the National People's Power (NPP) and has since been a prominent party in Sri Lankan politics.[18][19] In the 2024 presidential election, JVP leader Anura Kumara Dissanayake was elected President of Sri Lanka.[20]In the 2024 Sri Lankan parliamentary elections, the JVP led NPP alliance won with 159 seats in the parliament, winning a supermajority. It was second-highest proportion of seats in the nation's history and the NPP succeeded in winning every district except Batticaloa.
- ^ Bennet, Owen. The Patriotic Struggle of the JVP: A Reappraisal. pp. 43–44.
- ^ a b "Sri Lanka's Marxist party to make official visit to India". The Times of India. 4 February 2024. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
- ^ a b "In Sri Lanka, India embraces a resurgent old foe to keep China at bay". South China Morning Post. 12 February 2024. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
- ^ Balachandran, P. K. (20 January 2015). "JVP Demands Arrest, Trial of LTTE's 'KP'". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
- ^ Senanayake, Devana (26 September 2024). "Sri Lanka's Left Turn". Foreign Policy. Retrieved 24 September 2024.
- ^ History of the JVP, 1965–1994.
- ^ Whetstone, Crystal; Luna K. C. (April 2023). "Disrupting the Saviour Politics in the Women, Peace and Security Agenda in the Global South: Grassroots Women Creating Gender Norms in Nepal and Sri Lanka". Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs. 10 (1): 95–121. doi:10.1177/23477970231152027. ISSN 2347-7970.
- ^ DeVotta, Neil (2010). Brass, Paul (ed.). Routledge handbook of South Asian politics. Abingdon: Routledge. pp. 124–125.
- ^ Venugopal 2010, pp. 567–602.
- ^ "In a political paradigm shift, Sri Lanka leans to the left". BBC News. Retrieved 24 September 2024.
- ^ Kozul-Wright, Alexander. "As Sri Lanka votes, a $2.9bn IMF loan looms large". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 24 September 2024.
- ^ "2020 results".
- ^ "The Internationale in 82 languages". Anti War Songs. Retrieved 31 August 2021.
- ^ "List of recognized political parties" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 December 2014.
- ^ People's Liberation Front. Britannica
- ^ "JVP clarifies policy on abolishing private property ownership". Citizen.lk News Agency. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
- ^ Ondaatjie, Anusha; Strumpf, Dan (23 September 2024). "How Sri Lanka's new leader moved from Marxist rebellion to mainstream". The Economic Times. ISSN 0013-0389. Retrieved 21 November 2024.
- ^ "Parliamentary General Election – 1994" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 October 2010.
- ^ CIA: The World Factbook, 1991. p. 292.
- ^ "Anura Kumara Dissanayake elected President of Sri Lanka". www.adaderana.lk. Archived from the original on 23 September 2024. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
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