Jarvis Island

Jarvis Island
Nickname: Bunker Island
NASA satphoto of Jarvis Island; note the submerged reef beyond the eastern end.
Jarvis Island is located in Oceania
Jarvis Island
Jarvis Island
Location of Jarvis Island in the Pacific Ocean
EtymologyEdward, Thomas and William Jarvis
Geography
LocationSouth Pacific Ocean
Coordinates0°22′S 160°0′W / 0.367°S 160.000°W / -0.367; -160.000
ArchipelagoLine Islands
Area4.5 km2 (1.7 sq mi)
Length3.26 km (2.026 mi)
Width2.22 km (1.379 mi)
Coastline8.54 km (5.307 mi)
Highest elevation7 m (23 ft)
Administration
United States
Statusunincorporated
Demographics
Population0
Additional information
Time zone
Jarvis Island National Wildlife Refuge
Map
Designated1974
Websitewww.fws.gov/refuge/jarvis-island

Jarvis Island (/ˈɑːrvɪs/; formerly known as Bunker Island or Bunker's Shoal) is an uninhabited 4.5 km2 (1.7 sq mi) coral island located in the South Pacific Ocean, about halfway between Hawaii and the Cook Islands.[1] It is an unincorporated, unorganized territory of the United States, administered by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service of the United States Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge system.[2] Unlike most coral atolls, the lagoon on Jarvis is wholly dry.

Jarvis is one of the Line Islands and, for statistical purposes, is also grouped as one of the United States Minor Outlying Islands. Jarvis Island is the largest of three U.S. equatorial possessions, which include Baker Island and Howland Island.[3]

The US claimed it in the 19th century and mined it for guano. In the 20th century, it was the subject of a small settlement. It was attacked during WW2 and evacuated, leaving some buildings and a day beacon. In modern times, it is managed as a nature reserve.

  1. ^ Darwin, Charles; Bonney, Thomas George (1897). The structure and distribution of coral reefs. New York: D. Appleton and Company. p. 207. ISBN 978-0-520-03282-8.
  2. ^ "Jarvis Island". DOI Office of Insular Affairs. Archived from the original on February 7, 2012. Retrieved January 26, 2007.
  3. ^ Rauzon, Mark J. (2016). Isles of Amnesia: The History, Geography, and Restoration of America's Forgotten Pacific Islands. University of Hawai'i Press, Latitude 20. Page 38. ISBN 9780824846794.