Jerzy Franciszek Kulczycki

For the London publisher and bookseller, see Jerzy Kulczycki.

Jerzy Franciszek Kulczycki
Portrait of Kulczycki in Turkish attire, Czartoryski Museum
Born1640
Kulczyce, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (now in Ukraine)
Died19 February 1694(1694-02-19) (aged 53–54)
Vienna, Habsburg monarchy
Occupation(s)Merchant, spy, diplomat, soldier, coffee-house proprietor
Known forHeroism during the Battle of Vienna. Opening one of the first coffee houses in Vienna

Jerzy Franciszek Kulczycki of the Sas coat of arms (German: Georg Franz Kolschitzky, Ukrainian: Юрій-Франц Кульчицький, romanized: Yurii-Frants Kulchytskyi; 1640 – 19 February 1694) was a Polish nobleman, diplomat, and spy during the Great Turkish War of Ukrainian origin.[1][2][3] For his actions at the 1683 Battle of Vienna, when he managed to get out of the besieged city to seek help, he was considered a hero by the local people. According to legend, he is often cited as starting the first café in the city in 1683,[4] using coffee beans left behind by the retreating Ottoman Turks. However, more recent sources suggest that the first coffeehouse in Vienna was opened by the Armenian Johannes Theodat [de] (aka Johannes Diodato or Deodat and Owanes Astouatzatur) in 1685.[5][6]

  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference Varvounis_2016 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference vikna.if.ua was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference wilanow-palac.pl was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference historia_2011 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference Czeike_1993 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ Cite error: The named reference Grabovszki_2002 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).