Jesse Chisholm (circa 1805 - March 4, 1868) was a Scotch-Cherokee fur trader and merchant in the American West. Chisholm is known for having scouted and developed what became known as the Chisholm Trail, later used to drive cattle from Texas to railheads in Kansas in the post-Civil War period.
Chisholm used this trail to supply his trading posts among the Native American tribes in Indian Territory, what is now western Oklahoma. Chisholm worked with Black Beaver, a Lenape guide, to develop the trail. Chisholm died before the peak period of the cattle drives from Texas to Kansas, but he was essential to numerous events in Texas and Oklahoma's history. Chisholm served as an interpreter for the Republic of Texas and the United States government in treaty-making with Native American tribes.