Jharkhand | |
|---|---|
| Etymology: "Forest Land" | |
| Nickname: "Land of Forests" | |
| Motto(s): Satyameva Jayate (Truth alone triumphs) | |
 Location of Jharkhand in India | |
| Coordinates: 23°21′N 85°20′E / 23.35°N 85.33°E | |
| Country | India |
| Region | East India |
| Before was | Part of Bihar |
| Formation | 15 November 2000 |
| Capital | Ranchi |
| Largest city | Jamshedpur |
| Districts | 24 (5 divisions) |
| Government | |
| • Body | Government of Jharkhand |
| • Governor | Santosh Gangwar |
| • Chief minister | Hemant Soren (JMM) |
| State Legislature | Unicameral |
| • Assembly | Jharkhand Legislative Assembly (81 seats) |
| National Parliament | Parliament of India |
| • Rajya Sabha | 6 seats |
| • Lok Sabha | 14 seats |
| High Court | Jharkhand High Court |
| Area | |
• Total | 79,716 km2 (30,779 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 15th |
| Dimensions | |
| • Length | 463 km (288 mi) |
| • Width | 380 km (240 mi) |
| Elevation | 277 m (909 ft) |
| Highest elevation | 1,382 m (4,534 ft) |
| Population (2011)[2] | |
• Total |  32,988,134 |
| • Rank | 14th |
| • Density | 414/km2 (1,070/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 24.05% |
| • Rural | 75.95% |
| Demonyms | Jharkhandi |
| Language | |
| • Official | Hindi[3] |
| • Additional official | |
| • Official script | Devanagari script |
| GDP | |
| • Total (2024–25) | ₹4.70 lakh crore (US$56 billion) |
| • Rank | 19th |
| • Per capita |  ₹107,436 (US$1,300) (30th) |
| Time zone | UTC+05:30 (IST) |
| ISO 3166 code | IN-JH |
| Vehicle registration | JH |
| HDI (2022) |  0.592 Medium (32nd) |
| Literacy (2011) | 66.41% (32nd) |
| Sex ratio (2021) | 948♀/1000 ♂[6] (26th) |
| Website | jharkhand |
| Symbols of Jharkhand | |
 | |
| Bird | Koel |
| Flower | Palash |
| Mammal | Indian elephant[7] |
| Tree | Sal |
| State highway mark | |
 | |
| State highway of Jharkhand JH SH1 - JH SH | |
| List of Indian state symbols | |
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Jharkhand (/ˈdʒɑːrkənd/;[8] Hindi: [d͡ʒʱɑːɾkʰəɳɖ]; lit. 'the land of forests') is a state in eastern India.[9] The state shares its border with the states of West Bengal to the east, Chhattisgarh to the west, Uttar Pradesh to the northwest, Bihar to the north and Odisha to the south. It is the 15th largest state by area, and the 14th largest by population. Hindi is the official language of the state.[3] The city of Ranchi is its capital and Dumka its sub-capital. The state is known for its waterfalls, hills and holy places; Baidyanath Dham, Parasnath, Dewri and Rajrappa are major religious sites.[10][11] Jharkhand is primarily rural, with about 24% of its population living in cities as of 2011.[12]
Jharkhand suffers from what is sometimes termed a resource curse: it accounts for more than 4% of India's mineral production but 39.1% of its population is below the poverty line and 19.6% of children under five years of age are malnourished.[13][14][15]
- ^ "Important Tourist attraction of Giridih". 18 October 2005. Archived from the original on 18 October 2005. Retrieved 24 March 2023.
- ^ "Jharkhand Profile 2011 Census" (PDF). Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 April 2016. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
- ^ a b "Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 52nd report (July 2014 to June 2015)" (PDF). Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India. pp. 43–44. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 November 2016. Retrieved 16 February 2016.
- ^ "Jharkhand gives second language status to Magahi, Angika, Bhojpuri and Maithili". The Avenue Mail. 21 March 2018. Archived from the original on 28 March 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ "Jharkhand notifies Bhumij as second state language". The Avenue Mail. 5 January 2019. Archived from the original on 23 April 2022. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
- ^ "Sex ratio of State and Union Territories of India as per National Health survey (2019-2021)". Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, India. Archived from the original on 8 January 2023. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
- ^ "State animals, birds, trees and flowers" (PDF). Wildlife Institute of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2009. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
- ^ "Jharkhand". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster.
- ^ "Jharkhand – At a Glance". Archived from the original on 5 May 2012. Retrieved 9 May 2012.
- ^ "Adventure capital of the east, Jharkhand will drive you crazy". nyoooz.com. Archived from the original on 3 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ "Jharkhand registers 385% increase in foreign tourist visits". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 3 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ Jharkhand Profile (2011). "Census India" (PDF). censusindia.gov.in. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 April 2016. Retrieved 20 March 2017.
- ^ "Resource Curse and Jharkhand" (PDF). Economic & Political Weekly. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 December 2017. Retrieved 12 December 2017.
- ^ "Jharkhand: Here is why India's richest mineral state is not even close to development". Daily Bhaskar. 31 March 2014. Archived from the original on 4 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ "UNDP- Jharkhand: Economic and Human Development Indicators" (PDF). www.in.undp.org. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 January 2018. Retrieved 20 March 2017.