Jiang Wei | |
|---|---|
| 姜維 | |
 A Qing dynasty illustration of Jiang Wei | |
| General-in-Chief (大將軍) | |
| In office 258 – November or December 263 | |
| In office 256–256 | |
| Monarch | Liu Shan |
| Preceded by | Fei Yi |
| General of the Rear (後將軍) | |
| In office 256–258 | |
| Monarch | Liu Shan |
| General of the Guards (衛將軍) | |
| In office 247–256 | |
| Monarch | Liu Shan |
| Manager of the Affairs of the Masters of Writing (錄尚書事) (jointly held with Fei Yi from 247 to 253) | |
| In office 247 – November or December 263 | |
| Monarch | Liu Shan |
| Inspector of Liang Province (涼州刺史) (nominal) | |
| In office 243–247 | |
| Monarch | Liu Shan |
| Senior General Who Guards the West (鎮西大將軍) | |
| In office 243–247 | |
| Monarch | Liu Shan |
| General Who Assists Han (輔漢將軍) | |
| In office 234–243 | |
| Monarch | Liu Shan |
| General Who Attacks the West (征西將軍) | |
| In office ?–234 | |
| Monarch | Liu Shan |
| Chancellor | Zhuge Liang |
| General Who Upholds Righteousness (奉義將軍) | |
| In office 228–? | |
| Monarch | Liu Shan |
| Chancellor | Zhuge Liang |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 202[a] Gangu County, Gansu |
| Died | 3 March 264 (aged 62)[a] Chengdu, Sichuan |
| Parent |
|
| Occupation | Military general, politician |
| Courtesy name | Boyue (伯約) |
| Peerage | Marquis of Pingxiang (平襄侯) |
Jiang Wei (202 – 3 March 264),[a] courtesy name Boyue, was a Chinese military general and politician of the state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period of China.[3] Born in Ji County (present-day Gangu County, Gansu), Jiang Wei started his career as a military officer in his native Tianshui Commandery, which was a territory of Wei. In 228, when Wei's rival state Shu launched an invasion led by Zhuge Liang, Jiang Wei was distrusted by Ma Zun, then administrator of Tianshui Commandery. As such, Jiang Wei had to defect to Shu. Zhuge Liang, the Imperial Chancellor and regent of Shu, highly regarded Jiang Wei and appointed him as a general in Shu. After Zhuge Liang's death in 234, Jiang Wei continued serving as a military commander during the regencies Jiang Wan and Fei Yi, eventually rising to the highest military rank of General-In-Chief (大將軍) after Fei Yi's death in 253. Between 240 and 262, he continued Zhuge Liang's legacy of waging war against Wei by leading another 11 military campaigns. However, Jiang Wei's campaigns were relatively constrained in terms of both scale and duration due to Shu's limited resources and inadequate food supplies, as well as internal political faultlines. In 263, when Wei launched a massive invasion of Shu, Jiang Wei led Shu forces to resist the invaders at Tazhong, Yinping and Jiange, himself defending Jiange which was under Zhong Hui's attack. While Jiang Wei managed to temporarily stall Wei's main force led by Zhong Hui, Deng Ai, another military commander of Wei, took a shortcut via Yinping and showed up at Chengdu unexpectedly. Liu Shan surrendered to Deng Ai without putting up resistance and ordered Jiang Wei to surrender to the Wei general Zhong Hui; this event marked the end of Shu's existence. In the following year, Jiang Wei instigated Zhong Hui to launch a rebellion in Chengdu against the Wei regent Sima Zhao and hoped to use the opportunity to gain military power and restore Shu. However, some of Zhong Hui's officers were unwilling to participate in the rebellion and started a mutiny, killing Jiang Wei and Zhong Hui.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Jiang Wei was 27was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ ([景元五年正月]十八日日中， ... 姜維率會左右戰，手殺五六人，衆旣格斬維，爭赴殺會。會時年四十，將士死者數百人。) Sanguozhi vol. 28.
- ^ de Crespigny (2007), p. 378.
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