Jiangnan Province

Jiangnan Province
Nanking sive Kiangnan ("Nanjing or Jiangnan"), the 9th provincial map of the Chinese Empire in Martino Martini and Joan Blaeu's 1655 Novus Atlas Sinensis ("New Chinese Atlas").
Jiangnan Province
Chinese江南省
Literal meaningProvince South of the [Yangtze] River[1]
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinJiāngnán shěng
Wade–GilesChiang-nan Sheng
Nanjing Province
Chinese南京省
Literal meaningProvince of the [Former] Southern Capital
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinNánjīng shěng
Wade–GilesNan-ching Sheng

Jiangnan, formerly romanized as Kiangnan, was a historical province of the early Qing dynasty of China. Its capital was Jiangning (now Nanjing), from which it is sometimes known as Nanjing or Nanking Province. Established in 1645 during the Qing conquest of Ming,[2] it administered the area of the earlier Ming province of Nanzhili,[3] reaching from north of the Huai River—at the time the course of the Yellow River—to south of the Yangtze River in East China.[1] Its territory was later divided into the separate provinces of Jiangsu and Anhui[3] during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor (1736–1795),[4] although the exact timing is disputed,[4] with Jean-Baptiste Bourguignon d'Anville's map of 1734 showing the province still extant as "Kiang-nan". The earliest that the province's partition could have happened was 1667.[5] Under the Republic and People's Republic of China, an area of Jiangsu also became the provincial-level municipality of Shanghai.

  1. ^ a b Johnson, Linda Cooke (1993), Cities of Jiangnan in Late Imperial China, New York: SUNY Press, p. 112, ISBN 9780791414248.
  2. ^ Zhang, Caitian; Wang, Shuzhan; Zhou, Yanggong (1927), "Draft History of Qing", Chapter 58 (in Chinese), 明為南京。清順治二年改江南省，設布政使司，置兩江總督轄江南、江西，駐江寧。.
  3. ^ a b Tao Jiang (2009). "清代江南省分治问题——立足于 《清实录》 的考察". Qing History Journal (in Chinese). 2 – via CNKI.
  4. ^ a b Fu Linxiang (2008). "The Partition of Jiangnan, Huguang and Shaanxi Provinces and the Change of the Provincial System at the Beginning of the Qing Dynasty". Journal of Chinese Historical Geography. 2 – via CNKI.
  5. ^ "康熙元年，安徽設巡撫。三年，分江北按察使往治。五年，揚州、淮安、徐州復隸江南。六年，江南更今名，改左布政使為安徽布政使司，駐江寧。右布政使為江蘇布政使司，治蘇州。統江寧、蘇州、常州、松江、鎮江、揚州、淮安府七，徐州直隸州一。" in Zhang, Wang & Zhou (1927).