Jiangxi Soviet

Central Revolutionary Base Area
中央革命根據地
Revolutionary base area of the Chinese Soviet Republic
1931–1934
Flag of Jiangxi Soviet
Flag
CapitalRuijin
Historical eraChinese Civil War
• Established
1931
• Disestablished
1934
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Communist-controlled China
Communist-controlled China
Republic of China
Jiangxi Soviet
Traditional Chinese閩贛蘇區
Simplified Chinese闽赣苏区
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinMǐn-Gàn Sūqū
Wade–GilesMin-kan Su-ch'ü
Central Revolutionary Base Area
Traditional Chinese中央革命根據地
Simplified Chinese中央革命根据地
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhōngyāng Gémìng Gēnjùdì
Wade–GilesChung-yang Ko-ming Ken-chü-ti
Central Soviet Zone
Traditional Chinese中央蘇區
Simplified Chinese中央苏区
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhōngyāng Sūqū
Wade–GilesChung-yang Su-ch'ü

The Jiangxi Soviet[a] was a soviet governed by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) that existed between 1931 and 1934. It was the largest component of the Chinese Soviet Republic and home to its capital, Ruijin. At the time, the CCP was engaged in a rural insurgency against the Kuomintang-controlled Nationalist Government as part of the Chinese Civil War. CCP leaders Mao Zedong and Zhu De chose to create the soviet in the rugged Jinggang Mountains on the border of Jiangxi and Fujian because of its remote location and defensible terrain. The First Red Front Army successfully repulsed a series of encirclement campaigns by the Kuomintang's National Revolutionary Army (NRA) during the first few years of the Soviet's existence, but they were eventually defeated by the NRA's fifth attempt in 1934-35. After the Jiangxi Soviet was defeated militarily, the CCP began the Long March towards a new base area in the northwest.
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