Jiva

Jiva (Sanskrit: जीव, IAST: jīva), also referred as Jivātman, is a living being or any entity imbued with a life force in Hinduism and Jainism.^[1] The word itself originates from the Sanskrit verb-root jīv, which translates as 'to breathe' or 'to live'.^[2]^: 211^[3] The jiva, as a metaphysical entity, has been described in various scriptures such as the Bhagavad Gita and the Upanishads. Each subschool of Vedanta describes the role of the jiva with the other metaphysical entities in varying capacities. The closest translation into English and abrahamic philosophies would be the soul.

^ Matthew Hall (2011). Plants as Persons: A Philosophical Botany. State University of New York Press. p. 76. ISBN 978-1-4384-3430-8.
^ Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ "Cologne Scan".

[1] Matthew Hall (2011). Plants as Persons: A Philosophical Botany. State University of New York Press. p. 76. ISBN 978-1-4384-3430-8.

[:0-2] Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[3] "Cologne Scan".

[1]

[2]

[3]